Prevention Strategies for Esophageal Cancer—An Expert Review
| Autor: | Edoardo G. Giannini, Matteo Ghisa, Matteo Fassan, Maria Giulia De Marzo, Sebastiano Ziola, Gaia Pellegatta, Patrizia Zentilin, Edoardo Savarino, Elisa Marabotto, Brigida Barberio, Marco Scarpa, Afscin Djahandideh Sheijani, Imerio Angriman, Vincenzo Savarino |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
medicine.medical_specialty PPI Esophageal adenocarcinoma Early detection Review 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Epidemiology medicine Barrett’s esophagus esophageal cancer endoscopy Intensive care medicine RC254-282 business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) screening Cancer Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Esophageal cancer medicine.disease Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Barrett's esophagus 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology prophylaxis business Tertiary Prevention |
| Zdroj: | Cancers, Vol 13, Iss 2183, p 2183 (2021) Cancers |
| ISSN: | 2072-6694 |
| Popis: | Simple Summary In the last decades, there has been a rapid increase in the incidence and prevalence of esophageal cancer in many countries around the world. Although several important risk factors have been identified, strong evidence-based preventive strategies are still lacking, and the prognosis of patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer remains poor, with an average survival rate of 5 years for only 20%. This review is an attempt to summarize the epidemiology and risk factors of EC and to highlight the unresolved aspects of current prevention strategies in order to plan more fruitful future initiatives aimed at ameliorating the disappointing prognosis of this kind of digestive tumor. Abstract In the last 30 years, we have witnessed a rapid increase in the incidence and prevalence of esophageal cancer in many countries around the word. However, despite advancements in diagnostic technologies, the early detection of this cancer is rare, and its prognosis remains poor, with only about 20% of these patients surviving for 5 years. The two major forms are the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which is particularly frequent in the so-called Asian belt, and the esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), which prevails in Western populations. This review provides a summary of the epidemiological features and risk factors associated with these tumors. Moreover, a major focus is posed on reporting and highlighting the various preventing strategies proposed by the most important international scientific societies, particularly in high-risk populations, with the final aim of detecting these lesions as early as possible and therefore favoring their definite cure. Indeed, we have conducted analysis with attention to the current primary, secondary and tertiary prevention guidelines in both ESCC and EAC, attempting to emphasize unresolved research and clinical problems related to these topics in order to improve our diagnostic strategies and management. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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