Decreased Tissue Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio Prevents Chemotherapy-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity Associated with Alterations of Gut Microbiome
| Autor: | Kanakaraju Kaliannan, Shane O. Donnell, Kiera Murphy, Catherine Stanton, Chao Kang, Bin Wang, Xiang-Yong Li, Atul K. Bhan, Jing X. Kang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Bacteria
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Gastrointestinal Diseases Organic Chemistry Antineoplastic Agents General Medicine Irinotecan digestive system Catalysis Gastrointestinal Microbiome Computer Science Applications Inorganic Chemistry Mice CPT-11 irinotecan gut microbiome FAT-1 transgenic mouse omega-3 fatty acids omega-6/omega-3 PUFA ratio beta-glucuronidase GUSB chemotherapy-induced gut-toxicity Fatty Acids Omega-6 RNA Ribosomal 16S Fatty Acids Omega-3 Animals Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Molecular Biology Spectroscopy |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 23; Issue 10; Pages: 5332 |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms23105332 |
| Popis: | Gastrointestinal toxicity (GIT) is a debilitating side effect of Irinotecan (CPT-11) and limits its clinical utility. Gut dysbiosis has been shown to mediate this side effect of CPT-11 by increasing gut bacterial β-glucuronidase (GUSB) activity and impairing the intestinal mucosal barrier (IMB). We have recently shown the opposing effects of omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the gut microbiome. We hypothesized that elevated levels of tissue n-3 PUFA with a decreased n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio would reduce CPT-11-induced GIT and associated changes in the gut microbiome. Using a unique transgenic mouse (FAT-1) model combined with dietary supplementation experiments, we demonstrate that an elevated tissue n-3 PUFA status with a decreased n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio significantly reduces CPT-11-induced weight loss, bloody diarrhea, gut pathological changes, and mortality. Gut microbiome analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and QIIME2 revealed that improvements in GIT were associated with the reduction in the CPT-11-induced increase in both GUSB-producing bacteria (e.g., Enterobacteriaceae) and GUSB enzyme activity, decrease in IMB-maintaining bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium), IMB dysfunction and systemic endotoxemia. These results uncover a host–microbiome interaction approach to the management of drug-induced gut toxicity. The prevention of CPT-11-induced gut microbiome changes by decreasing the tissue n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio could be a novel strategy to prevent chemotherapy-induced GIT. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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