Nicotine pre-treatment reduces sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus effects of commonly abused drugs as assessed with taste conditioning paradigms*
| Autor: | Gregory C. Loney, Paul J. Meyer |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
Male Nicotine media_common.quotation_subject Stimulus (physiology) Pharmacology Toxicology Article 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Caffeine Medicine Animals Pharmacology (medical) Rats Long-Evans 030212 general & internal medicine Nicotinic Agonists media_common Dose-Response Relationship Drug Ethanol Morphine business.industry Illicit Drugs Addiction Central Nervous System Depressants Conditioned place preference Rats Analgesics Opioid Psychiatry and Mental health chemistry Taste Conditioning Conditioning Operant Central Nervous System Stimulants Female business Lithium Chloride Reinforcement Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Popis: | Background Drug pre-exposure attenuates sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus properties of additional subsequently administered drugs in drug-induced conditioned taste avoidance (CTA) and conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigms. Specifically, nicotine, commonly used in conjunction with other addictive substances, attenuates acquisition of ethanol and caffeine CTAs and morphine-induced CPP. Methods Because nicotine use is comorbid with a number of substance use disorders, we systematically examined the effects of nicotine pre-exposure on two different conditioning paradigms involving integration of the interoceptive stimulus properties of multiple commonly abused drugs, in male and female rats, designed to examine both the aversive and reinforcing properties of these drugs. Results Nicotine dose-dependently interfered with acquisition of CTA to passively administered morphine, ethanol, and cocaine, but not lithium chloride, demonstrating that the effects of nicotine are not simply a matter of reduced orosensory processing or an inability to learn such associations. Moreover, nicotine-treated rats required higher doses of drug in order to develop CTA and did not show increased acceptance of the taste of self-administered ethanol compared with saline-treated rats. Conclusions These data demonstrate that nicotine pre-exposure attenuates sensitivity to the stimulus effects of multiple drugs in two conditioning paradigms, in a manner which is consistent with a reduced ability to integrate the interoceptive properties of abused drugs. Through reducing these stimulus properties of drugs of abuse, concomitant nicotine use may result in a need to increase either the frequency or strength of doses during drug-taking, thus likely contributing to enhanced addiction liability in smokers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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