Formation of chondrule analogs aboard the International Space Station
| Autor: | M. Lindner, D. Merges, Beverley J. Tkalcec, Frank E. Brenker, Fabian Wilde, T. E. Koch, Björn Winkler, Dominik Spahr |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Spahr, Dominik, 1Insitute of Geosciences Goethe University Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany, Tkalcec, Beverley J., Lindner, Miles, Merges, David, Wilde, Fabian, 2Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Max‐Planck Strasse 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany, Winkler, Björn, Brenker, Frank E. |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Meteoritics & planetary science 56(9), 1669-1684 (2021). doi:10.1111/maps.13731 |
| DOI: | 10.3204/pubdb-2021-03535 |
| Popis: | Chondrules are thought to play a crucial role in planet formation, but the mechanisms leading to their formation are still a matter of unresolved discussion. So far, experiments designed to understand chondrule formation conditions have been carried out only under the influence of terrestrial gravity. In order to introduce more realistic conditions, we developed a chondrule formation experiment, which was carried out at long‐term microgravity aboard the International Space Station. In this experiment, freely levitating forsterite (Mg2SiO4) dust particles were exposed to electric arc discharges, thus simulating chondrule formation via nebular lightning. The arc discharges were able to melt single dust particles completely, which then crystallized with very high cooling rates of >105 K h−1. The crystals in the spherules show a crystallographic preferred orientation of the [010] axes perpendicular to the spherule surface, similar to the preferred orientation observed in some natural chondrules. This microstructure is probably the result of crystallization under microgravity conditions. Furthermore, the spherules interacted with the surrounding gas during crystallization. We show that this type of experiment is able to form spherules, which show some similarities with the morphology of chondrules despite very short heating pulses and high cooling rates. Carl Zeiss Meditec AG http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002806 BIOVIA Science Ambassador program Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006360 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‐ und Raumfahrt http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002946 NanoRacks LLC DreamUp Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Stiftung |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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