NELF Is a Nuclear Protein Involved in Hypothalamic GnRH Neuronal Migration
| Autor: | Lawrence C. Layman, Robert S. Podolsky, Wencheng Xiong, Lynn P. Chorich, Lisa M. Halvorson, Hyung Goo Kim, Richard S. Cameron, Balasubramanian Bhagavath, Puttur D. Prasad, Ning Xu |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
endocrine system Blotting Western Hypothalamus Fluorescent Antibody Technique Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Biology Transfection Biochemistry Article Cell Line Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Endocrinology Cell Movement Internal medicine medicine Humans RNA Messenger Nuclear protein Molecular Biology Transcription factor Neurons Gene knockdown Analysis of Variance Microscopy Confocal Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction NASAL EMBRYONIC LHRH FACTOR Blotting Northern Pituitary Gland Forebrain Nuclear localization sequence hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Transcription Factors |
| Popis: | Nasal embryonic LHRH factor (NELF) has been hypothesized to participate in the migration of GnRH and olfactory neurons into the forebrain, a prerequisite for normal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function in puberty and reproduction. However, the biological functions of NELF, which has no homology to any human protein, remain largely elusive. Although mRNA expression did not differ, NELF protein expression was greater in migratory than postmigratory GnRH neurons. Pituitary Nelf mRNA expression was also observed and increased three-fold after exogenous GnRH administration. Contrary to a previous report, NELF displayed predominant nuclear localization in GnRH neurons, confirmed by mutagenesis of a putative nuclear localization signal resulting in impaired nuclear expression. NELF knockdown impaired GnRH neuronal migration of NLT cells in vitro. These findings and the identification of two putative zinc fingers suggest that NELF could be a transcription factor. Collectively, our findings implicate NELF as a nuclear protein involved in the developmental function of the reproductive axis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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