What Polarimetric Weather Radars Offer to Cloud Modelers: Forward Radar Operators and Microphysical/Thermodynamic Retrievals
| Autor: | Jacob T. Carlin, Alexander Khain, Jeffrey C. Snyder, Alexander V. Ryzhkov, Mark Pinsky |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
radar microphysical and thermodynamic retrievals 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences 0208 environmental biotechnology Polarimetry Cloud computing 02 engineering and technology Environmental Science (miscellaneous) lcsh:QC851-999 01 natural sciences Bin law.invention law cloud models Radar 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Remote sensing Mathematical model Microphysics business.industry Snow Numerical weather prediction polarimetric radar forward operators 020801 environmental engineering Environmental science lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology business |
| Zdroj: | Atmosphere, Vol 11, Iss 362, p 362 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4433 |
| Popis: | The utilization of polarimetric weather radars for optimizing cloud models is a next frontier of research. It is widely understood that inadequacies in microphysical parameterization schemes in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models is a primary cause of forecast uncertainties. Due to its ability to distinguish between hydrometeors with different microphysical habits and to identify “polarimetric fingerprints” of various microphysical processes, polarimetric radar emerges as a primary source of needed information. There are two approaches to leverage this information for NWP models: (1) radar microphysical and thermodynamic retrievals and (2) forward radar operators for converting the model outputs into the fields of polarimetric radar variables. In this paper, we will provide an overview of both. Polarimetric measurements can be combined with cloud models of varying complexity, including ones with bulk and spectral bin microphysics, as well as simplified Lagrangian models focused on a particular microphysical process. Combining polarimetric measurements with cloud modeling can reveal the impact of important microphysical agents such as aerosols or supercooled cloud water invisible to the radar on cloud and precipitation formation. Some pertinent results obtained from models with spectral bin microphysics, including the Hebrew University cloud model (HUCM) and 1D models of melting hail and snow coupled with the NSSL forward radar operator, are illustrated in the paper. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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