Sources of Variability in Structural Bending Response of Pediatric and Adult Human Ribs in Dynamic Frontal Impacts
| Autor: | Amanda M, Agnew, Michelle M, Murach, Victoria M, Dominguez, Akshara, Sreedhar, Elina, Misicka, Angela, Harden, John H, Bolte, Yun-Seok, Kang, Jason, Stammen, Kevin, Moorhouse |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male musculoskeletal diseases Adolescent Rib Fractures Thoracic Injuries 0206 medical engineering Ribs 030209 endocrinology & metabolism 02 engineering and technology Bending Body size Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Thoracic injury Scaling methods Humans Medicine Displacement (orthopedic surgery) Child Aged Aged 80 and over Orthodontics Rib cage business.industry Accidents Traffic Middle Aged musculoskeletal system Individual level 020601 biomedical engineering Cross-Sectional Studies Child Preschool Female business Motor vehicle crash |
| Zdroj: | SAE Technical Paper Series. |
| ISSN: | 0148-7191 |
| Popis: | Despite safety advances, thoracic injuries in motor vehicle crashes remain a significant source of morbidity and mortality, and rib fractures are the most prevalent of thoracic injuries. The objective of this study was to explore sources of variation in rib structural properties in order to identify sources of differential risk of rib fracture between vehicle occupants. A hierarchical model was employed to quantify the effects of demographic differences and rib geometry on structural properties including stiffness, force, displacement, and energy at failure and yield. Three-hundred forty-seven mid-level ribs from 182 individual anatomical donors were dynamically (~2 m/s) tested to failure in a simplified bending scenario mimicking a frontal thoracic impact. Individuals ranged in age from 4 - 108 years (mean 53 ± 23 years) and included 59 females and 123 males of diverse body sizes. Age, sex, body size, aBMD, whole rib geometry and cross-sectional geometry were explored as predictors of rib structural properties. Measures of cross-sectional rib size (Tt.Ar), bone quantity (Ct.Ar), and bone distribution (Z) generally explained more variation than any other predictors, and were further improved when normalized by rib length (e.g., robustness and WBSI). Cortical thickness (Ct.Th) was not found to be a useful predictor. Rib level predictors performed better than individual level predictors. These findings moderately explain differential risk for rib fracture and with additional exploration of the rib's role in thoracic response, may be able contribute to ATD and HBM development and alterations in addition to improvements to thoracic injury criteria and scaling methods. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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