Rate of Strabismus Detection on Digital Photographs Increases by Using Off-center Near Target
| Autor: | Joanna Holland, Yuval Yashiv, Vijay Tailor, Ron Uriel Maor, Simon Barnard, Annegret Dahlmann-Noor, Payal Khandelwal, Marina Banteka, Selina Glaze |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty genetic structures 020205 medical informatics Population Fixation Ocular 02 engineering and technology Pupil Camera lens 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Optics Ophthalmology Photography 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Humans Medicine Prospective Studies Image sensor Child Strabismus education education.field_of_study business.industry Accommodative effort Reproducibility of Results General Medicine Primary position eye diseases Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Fixation (visual) 030221 ophthalmology & optometry Female sense organs business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus. 54:90-96 |
| ISSN: | 1938-2405 0191-3913 |
| Popis: | Purpose: To increase the detection rate of strabismus on digital photographs, with the ultimate aim of developing a new automated strabismus detection algorithm. Methods: In this prospective case series, the authors acquired digital face photographs of 409 children with manifest or latent strabismus, using a 14-million–pixel camera with CCD image sensor. Of the last 52 enrolled, 34 image sets were selected for this study: 29 with manifest and 5 with latent strabismus. Images were taken at a distance of 40 to 70 cm in primary position, with the camera lens as the fixation target and in slight off-center fixation, and using a novel target of small light-emitting diodes mounted onto the camera case. The location of the corneal light reflection was manually calculated in relation to the center of the pupil in both eyes and ocular deviation as the difference in corneal light reflection location between the two eyes. In orthotropia, the expected deviation is zero. Results: In children with phorias, the mean corneal light reflection location difference between the eyes was −0.10 ± 0.14 mm in primary position and −2.02 ± 0.39 mm in off-center fixation. Using a threshold of ±0.5 mm on either side of zero for central and of 2 mm for off-center fixation, sensitivity to detect strabismus increased from 65.6% in central to 79.3% in off-center fixation, respectively. The calculation of specificity will require inclusion of a population of individuals without strabismus. Conclusions: Off-center fixation onto a near target ensures that participants are actively looking at the target and may increase accommodative effort, thereby increasing the detection rate of strabismus. [ J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2017;54(2):90–96.] |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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