Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Methylmercury Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation

Autor: Beatriz Martins, Reinaldo B. Oriá, Ramon da Silva Raposo, Frederico C. Pereira, Carlos Fontes-Ribeiro, João P Novo, João O. Malva
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
microglia
neurons
Review
medicine.disease_cause
neuroinflammation
lcsh:Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
neurotoxicity
oxidative stress
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Methylmercury
Spectroscopy
Microglia
Microbiota
Glutamate receptor
Brain
General Medicine
Methylmercury Compounds
Bioaccumulation
Computer Science Applications
medicine.anatomical_structure
Toxicity
Neurotoxicity Syndromes
Programmed cell death
oligodendrocytes
Biology
Catalysis
Inorganic Chemistry
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Animals
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Neuroinflammation
Inflammation
Organic Chemistry
Neurotoxicity
astrocytes
medicine.disease
030104 developmental biology
mercury cycle
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
chemistry
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Oxidative stress
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 3101, p 3101 (2021)
ISSN: 1422-0067
Popis: Methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity is a major environmental concern. In the aquatic reservoir, MeHg bioaccumulates along the food chain until it is consumed by riverine populations. There has been much interest in the neurotoxicity of MeHg due to recent environmental disasters. Studies have also addressed the implications of long-term MeHg exposure for humans. The central nervous system is particularly susceptible to the deleterious effects of MeHg, as evidenced by clinical symptoms and histopathological changes in poisoned humans. In vitro and in vivo studies have been crucial in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. A collection of cellular and molecular alterations including cytokine release, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, Ca2+ and glutamate dyshomeostasis, and cell death mechanisms are important consequences of brain cells exposure to MeHg. The purpose of this review is to organize an overview of the mercury cycle and MeHg poisoning events and to summarize data from cellular, animal, and human studies focusing on MeHg effects in neurons and glial cells. This review proposes an up-to-date compendium that will serve as a starting point for further studies and a consultation reference of published studies.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: