High Surface Area Electrodes Generated via Electrochemical Roughening Improve the Signaling of Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Biosensors
| Autor: | Netzahualcóyotl Arroyo-Currás, Karen Scida, Kevin W. Plaxco, Tod E. Kippin, Kyle L. Ploense |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Imagination
Fabrication Chemical substance Surface Properties Aptamer media_common.quotation_subject Nanotechnology 02 engineering and technology Biosensing Techniques 010402 general chemistry Electrochemistry 01 natural sciences Analytical Chemistry Animals Particle Size Electrodes media_common Chemistry Electrochemical Techniques Aptamers Nucleotide 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 0104 chemical sciences Rats Electrode 0210 nano-technology Science technology and society Biosensor |
| Zdroj: | Analytical chemistry. 89(22) |
| ISSN: | 1520-6882 |
| Popis: | The electrochemical, aptamer-based (E-AB) sensor platform provides a modular approach to the continuous, real-time measurement of specific molecular targets (irrespective of their chemical reactivity) in situ in the living body. To achieve this, however, requires the fabrication of sensors small enough to insert into a vein, which, for the rat animal model we employ, entails devices less than 200 μm in diameter. The limited surface area of these small devices leads, in turn, to low faradaic currents and poor signal-to-noise ratios when deployed in the complex, fluctuating environments found in vivo. In response we have developed an electrochemical roughening approach that enhances the signaling of small electrochemical sensors by increasing the microscopic surface area of gold electrodes, allowing in this case more redox-reporter-modified aptamers to be packed onto the surface, thus producing significantly improved signal-to-noise ratios. Unlike previous approaches to achieving microscopically rough gold surfaces, our method employs chronoamperometric pulsing in a 5 min etching process easily compatible with batch manufacturing. Using these high surface area electrodes, we demonstrate the ability of E-AB sensors to measure complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles in live rats with precision of better than 10% in the determination of drug disposition parameters. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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