To migrate, stay put, or wander? Varied movement strategies in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
Autor: | Yiwei Wang, Christopher C. Wilmers, Rachel E. Wheat, Stephen B. Lewis, Taal Levi |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
education.field_of_study Movement (music) Ecology Movement strategies GPS Foraging Population Space use Zoology Haliaeetus leucocephalus Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Intraspecific competition 010601 ecology lcsh:Biology (General) Nest Animal ecology Brownian bridge movement modeling education lcsh:QH301-705.5 Alternative movement Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics |
Zdroj: | Movement Ecology, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017) |
ISSN: | 2051-3933 |
DOI: | 10.1186/s40462-017-0102-4 |
Popis: | Background Quantifying individual variability in movement behavior is critical to understanding population-level patterns in animals. Here, we explore intraspecific variation in movement strategies of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in the north Pacific, where there is high spatiotemporal resource variability. We tracked 28 bald eagles (five immature, 23 adult) using GPS transmitters between May 2010 and January 2016. Results We found evidence of four movement strategies among bald eagles in southeastern Alaska and western Canada: breeding individuals that were largely sedentary and remained near nest sites year-round, non-breeding migratory individuals that made regular seasonal travel between northern summer and southern winter ranges, non-breeding localized individuals that displayed fidelity to foraging sites, and non-breeding nomadic individuals with irregular movement. On average, males traveled farther per day than females. Most nomadic individuals were immature, and all residential individuals (i.e. breeders and localized birds) were adults. Conclusions Alternative movement strategies among north Pacific eagles are likely associated with the age and sex class, as well as breeding status, of an individual. Intraspecific variation in movement strategies within the population results in different space use patterns among contingents, which has important implications for conservation and management. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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