Metabolic Effects of Resistant Starch Type 2: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Autor: Nicole J. Kellow, Romi Stern, Smonda Kok, Matthew Snelson, Deanna Manolas, Audrey Louise, Jessica Jong
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Blood Glucose
Male
0301 basic medicine
resistant starch
obesity
Review
Type 2 diabetes
Overweight
Satiety Response
law.invention
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
systematic review
Randomized controlled trial
law
Prediabetes
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Nutrition and Dietetics
Starch
Fasting
Middle Aged
dietary fiber
Lipids
Female
type 2 diabetes
medicine.symptom
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
lcsh:TX341-641
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
metabolic syndrome
Prediabetic State
03 medical and health sciences
Insulin resistance
Internal medicine
Dietary Carbohydrates
medicine
Humans
Glycated Hemoglobin
metabolic health
030109 nutrition & dietetics
business.industry
Body Weight
medicine.disease
Obesity
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2
chemistry
Dietary Supplements
Glycated hemoglobin
Insulin Resistance
Metabolic syndrome
business
Food Science
Zdroj: Nutrients, Vol 11, Iss 8, p 1833 (2019)
Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
DOI: 10.3390/nu11081833
Popis: Published evidence exploring the effects of dietary resistant starch (RS) on human cardiometabolic health is inconsistent. This review aimed to investigate the effect of dietary RS type 2 (RS2) supplementation on body weight, satiety ratings, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance and lipid levels in healthy individuals and those with overweight/obesity, the metabolic syndrome (MetS), prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Five electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between 1982 and 2018, with trials eligible for inclusion if they reported RCTs involving humans where at least one group consumed ≥ 8 g of RS2 per day and measured body weight, satiety, glucose and/or lipid metabolic outcomes. Twenty-two RCTs involving 670 participants were included. Meta-analyses indicated that RS2 supplementation significantly reduced serum triacylglycerol concentrations (mean difference (MD) = −0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI −0.19, −0.01, P = 0.03) in healthy individuals (n = 269) and reduced body weight (MD = −1.29 kg; 95% CI −2.40, −0.17, P = 0.02) in people with T2DM (n = 90). However, these outcomes were heavily influenced by positive results from a small number of individual studies which contradicted the conclusions of the majority of trials. RS2 had no effects on any other metabolic outcomes. All studies ranged from 1−12 weeks in duration and contained small sample sizes (10−60 participants), and most had an unclear risk of bias. Short-term RS2 supplementation in humans is of limited cardiometabolic benefit.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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