Identifying Leprosy and Those at Risk of Developing Leprosy by Detection of Antibodies against LID-1 and LID-NDO

Autor: Gloria R. Monteiro, Kathryn M. Dupnik, Francianne M. Amorim, Larissa S. Nascimento, Steven G. Reed, Leonardo Capistrano Ferreira, Malcolm S. Duthie, Selma M. B. Jeronimo, Mauricio Lisboa Nobre, Alesson M. Miranda
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Bacterial Diseases
genetic structures
Physiology
Antibody Response
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Biochemistry
Geographical locations
Serology
0302 clinical medicine
Immune Physiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Mycobacterium leprae
Immune Response
Immune System Proteins
biology
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Mycobacterium Leprae
Actinobacteria
Infectious Diseases
Leprosy
Antibody
Brazil
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
medicine.medical_specialty
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
lcsh:RC955-962
030106 microbiology
030231 tropical medicine
Immunology
Research and Analysis Methods
Antibodies
03 medical and health sciences
Antigen
Diagnostic Medicine
Internal medicine
Immunoassays
Receiver operating characteristic
Bacteria
business.industry
Public health
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
lcsh:RA1-1270
South America
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Tropical Diseases
eye diseases
body regions
Antibody response
biology.protein
Immunologic Techniques
sense organs
People and places
business
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 9, p e0004934 (2016)
ISSN: 1935-2735
1935-2727
Popis: Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection and remains a major public health problem in many areas of the world. Challenges to its timely diagnosis result in delay in treatment, which is usually associated with severe disability. Although phenolic glycolipid (PGL)-I has been reported as auxiliary diagnostic tool, currently there is no serological assay routinely used in leprosy diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two related reagents, LID-1 and LID-NDO, for the detection of M. leprae infection. Sera from 98 leprosy patients, 365 household contacts (HHC) and 98 endemic controls from Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, were evaluated. A subgroup of the HHC living in a hyperendemic area was followed for 7–10 years. Antigen-specific antibody responses were highest in multibacillary (MB) at the lepromatous pole (LL/BL) and lowest in paucibacillary (PB) at the tuberculoid pole (TT/BT). A positive correlation for both anti-LID-1 and anti-LID-NDO antibodies was found with bacterial burden (LID-1, r = 0.84, p
Author Summary Despite the substantial decrease in its prevalence, leprosy continues to be a worldwide challenge. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to interrupt transmission. Currently, there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of leprosy. Bacilloscopy and histopathology studies are complementary exams that provide high specificity but low sensitivity. It is therefore important to seek alternative tools to achieve rapid and accurate diagnosis. The state of Rio Grande do Norte, in Brazil, has municipalities’ that are considered hyperendemic for leprosy, such as Mossoró, the one included in this study. This city presented an average of new case detection rate (NCDR) of 45.4/100.000 inhabitants per year from 2001 to 2013, much higher than Brazil’s NCDR, which is currently 15.3. Here, we show that the utility of the recombinant antigens LID-1 and LID-NDO to diagnose MB patients and detect asymptomatic M. leprae infection. In addition, we showed that antibody levels were related to the clinical form of leprosy as well as to the bacillary load. Interestingly, we observed that serum levels of LID-1/LID-NDO antibodies can be used to predict leprosy development among HHC. The assays have the potential to eventually be implemented as point of care at local health centers.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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