Distinguishing patterns of impairment on inhibitory control and general cognitive ability among bipolar with and without psychosis, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder
| Autor: | Elliot S. Gershon, Milena Y Gotra, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Jennifer E. McDowell, Elena I. Ivleva, Peter F. Buckley, Carol A. Tamminga, Sarah K. Keedy, Matcheri S. Keshavan, John A. Sweeney, Brett A. Clementz, Scot Hill |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Psychosis
Bipolar Disorder Schizoaffective disorder Stop signal Article 03 medical and health sciences Cognition 0302 clinical medicine mental disorders medicine Humans Bipolar disorder Set (psychology) Biological Psychiatry Cognitive deficit business.industry medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Psychotic Disorders Schizophrenia medicine.symptom Cognition Disorders business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Schizophr Res |
| ISSN: | 0920-9964 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.schres.2020.06.033 |
| Popis: | Background Deficits in inhibitory control on a Stop Signal Task (SST) were previously observed to be of similar magnitude across schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar disorder with psychosis, despite variation in general cognitive ability. Understanding different patterns of performance on the SST may elucidate different pathways to the impaired inhibitory control each group displayed. Comparing nonpsychotic bipolar disorder to the psychosis groups on SST may also expand our understanding of the shared neurobiology of this illness spectrum. Methods We tested schizophrenia (n = 220), schizoaffective (n = 216), bipolar disorder with (n = 192) and without psychosis (n = 67), and 280 healthy comparison participants with a SST and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), a measure of general cognitive ability. Results All patient groups had a similar degree of impaired inhibitory control over prepotent responses. However, bipolar groups differed from schizophrenia and schizoaffective groups in showing speeded responses and inhibition errors that were not accounted for by general cognitive ability. Schizophrenia and schizoaffective groups had a broader set of deficits on inhibition and greater general cognitive deficit, which fully accounted for the inhibition deficits. No differences were found between the clinically well-matched bipolar with and without psychosis groups, including for inhibitory control or general cognitive ability. Conclusions We conclude that 1) while impaired inhibitory control on a SST is of similar magnitude across the schizo-bipolar spectrum, including nonpsychotic bipolar, different mechanisms may underlie the impairments, and 2) history of psychosis in bipolar disorder does not differentially impact inhibitory behavioral control or general cognitive abilities. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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