Recognizing drug-facilitated crimes: Detection and quantification of benzodiazepines in beverages using fast liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and paper spray mass spectrometry
Autor: | Rodinei Augusti, Marina Jurisch, Evandro Piccin, Camila Cristina Almeida de Paula |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
Paper
Analyte Liquid-Liquid Extraction Pharmaceutical Science 010402 general chemistry Mass spectrometry 01 natural sciences Mass Spectrometry Analytical Chemistry Matrix (chemical analysis) Benzodiazepines Liquid–liquid extraction Limit of Detection medicine Environmental Chemistry Humans Spectroscopy Detection limit Bromazepam Chromatography Chemistry Alcoholic Beverages 010401 analytical chemistry Extraction (chemistry) Beer 0104 chemical sciences Cloxazolam Cold Temperature Calibration Crime medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | Drug testing and analysis. 10(9) |
ISSN: | 1942-7611 |
Popis: | A novel methodology using liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning (LLE-LTP) and paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) was developed to identify and quantify benzodiazepines in beverages. Four types of alcoholic beverages usually consumed in parties and bars were spiked with 5 distinct benzodiazepines (diazepam, alprazolam, bromazepam, clonazepam, and cloxazolam) simulating a drug-facilitated crime occurrence. The direct PS-MS analysis of the spiked beverages revealed a remarkable matrix effect with an unclear detection of protonated benzodiazepines. However, by the application of the LLE-LTP using liquid nitrogen, a prompt and doubtless detection of such compounds was achieved. The quantification potential of the LLE-LTP/PS-MS methodology was demonstrated by using beer as matrix, diazepam as target analyte and cloxazolam as an internal standard. Figures of merit (linearity, limit of detection, linear dynamic range, relative standard deviation, and recovery) were determined and adequate values were obtained. In conclusion, we demonstrated herein that the LLE-LTP/PS-MS methodology has potential to be applied directly at the crime scene through of a portable mass spectrometer and a thermal container for the transport of liquid nitrogen. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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