Effect of structure and form on the ability of plant sterols to inhibit cholesterol absorption in hamsters
| Autor: | W. Arjan de Groot, Mike Rudrum, G. W. Meijer, Marco A. J. J. Bressers |
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| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Clinical chemistry Absorption (skin) Biochemistry Cholesterol Dietary chemistry.chemical_compound Structure-Activity Relationship Triterpene Cricetinae Animals Food science Solubility chemistry.chemical_classification Bran Mesocricetus Cholesterol Organic Chemistry food and beverages Phytosterols Cell Biology Lipid Metabolism Lipids Sterol Diet chemistry Intestinal Absorption Liver lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Lipidology |
| Zdroj: | Lipids. 38(7) |
| ISSN: | 0024-4201 |
| Popis: | We investigated the effect of three types of plant sterols (4-desmethylsterols, 4,4'-dimethylsterols, and pentacyclic triterpene alcohols) in three forms (free, esterified with FA, or with phenolic acids) on cholesterol absorption. Plant sterol fractions derived from soybean (99% 4-desmethylsterols), rice bran (70% 4,4'-dimethylsterols), or shea nut (89% pentacyclic triterpene alcohols) were fed to male hamsters (n = 20/group) as free sterols or esterified with FA or phenolic acids (cinnamic or ferulic). Cholesterol absorption was measured after 5-8.5 (mean, 7) wk by a dual-isotope technique. Soybean sterol intake significantly reduced cholesterol absorption efficiency (23%) and plasma total cholesterol (11%). Rice bran sterols tended to lower cholesterol absorption efficiency by 7% and plasma total cholesterol by 5%, whereas shea nut sterols had no effect. In hamsters, dietary 4-desmethylsterols were more effective than 4,4'-dimethylsterols in lowering cholesterol absorption and levels of cholesterol in blood. Pentacyclic triterpene alcohols had no effect on the absorption of cholesterol or on its level in blood. Esterification with FA did not impair the ability of 4-desmethylsterols and 4,4'-dimethylsterols to inhibit cholesterol absorption, whereas esterification with phenolic acids reduced this ability. This study supports the use of 4-desmethylsterols, esterified with FA to increase solubility, as the most effective cholesterol-lowering plant sterols in the diet. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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