Annual economic burden of hepatitis B virus-related diseases among hospitalized patients in twelve cities in China
| Autor: | Q. Ma, Y. Zou, H. Xiao, Dongsheng Hu, Hongzhuan Tan, Guihua Zhuang, Fuqiang Cui, Xiang-Xian Feng, Shu Zhang, L. Zhang, L. Xue, J. Liu, S. Liang, Yan Zhang, Xiaofeng Liang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male China Urban Population Social stigma Total cost Pilot Projects medicine.disease_cause Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Indirect costs Hepatitis B Chronic 0302 clinical medicine Cost of Illness Willingness to pay Virology medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Cities Socioeconomic status Aged Hepatitis B virus Response rate (survey) Hepatology business.industry Middle Aged Hepatitis B medicine.disease Hospitalization Infectious Diseases Female 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology business Demography |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Viral Hepatitis. 23:202-210 |
| ISSN: | 1352-0504 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/jvh.12482 |
| Popis: | A nationwide survey of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated economic burden has not previously been performed in China. The purpose of this study was to examine the direct, indirect, and intangible costs of HBV-related diseases within the span of one year. A random sample was taken from specialty and general hospitals across 12 cities in six provinces of China. Intangible costs were estimated based on willingness to pay or open-ended answers provided by patients. The results showed that 27 hospitals were enrolled, with a sample population of 4726 patients (77.7% response rate). The average annual costs were $4454.0 (direct), $924.3 (indirect), and $6611.10 (intangible), corresponding to 37.3%, 7.7%, and 55.1% of the total costs, respectively. The direct medical fees were substantially greater than the non-medical fees. Annual indirect costs were divided into outpatient ($112.9) and inpatient ($811.40) loss of income. The intangible costs of chronic HBV were notably higher than either the direct or indirect costs, consistent with the social stigma in China. The comparison amongst individual cities for the average ratio of direct to indirect costs revealed that the sizes of ratios were negatively correlated with the socioeconomic status of the regions. This study suggested that as a whole in China, the HBV-related diseases caused a heavy financial burden which was positively associated with disease severity. Although the intangible costs coincided with a high prevalence of discrimination against CHB patients in Chinese society, our study may serve as future reference for detailed exploration. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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