The Role of α-Synuclein Oligomers in Parkinson's Disease
| Autor: | Rui-Tian Liu, Xiao-Yu Du, Xi-Xiu Xie |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Parkinson's disease
animal diseases Apoptosis Review Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry Pathogenesis lcsh:Chemistry α-synuclein medicine Animals Humans heterocyclic compounds structure Physical and Theoretical Chemistry oligomers Molecular Biology lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy Neuroinflammation Inflammation Mechanism (biology) Chemistry Endoplasmic reticulum Organic Chemistry Neurodegeneration Neurotoxicity toxicity Parkinson Disease General Medicine medicine.disease Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Computer Science Applications nervous system diseases Mitochondria Proteostasis lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 nervous system alpha-Synuclein Parkinson’s disease Protein Multimerization Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 8645, p 8645 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | α-synuclein (α-syn) is a protein associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegeneration disease with no effective treatment. However, how α-syn drives the pathology of PD remains elusive. Recent studies suggest that α-syn oligomers are the primary cause of neurotoxicity and play a critical role in PD. In this review, we discuss the process of α-syn oligomers formation and the current understanding of the structures of oligomers. We also describe seed and propagation effects of oligomeric forms of α-syn. Then, we summarize the mechanism by which α-syn oligomers exert neurotoxicity and promote neurodegeneration, including mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, proteostasis dysregulation, synaptic impairment, cell apoptosis and neuroinflammation. Finally, we investigate treatment regimens targeting α-syn oligomers at present. Further research is needed to understand the structure and toxicity mechanism of different types of oligomers, so as to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of PD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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