Punishment and psychopathy: a case-control functional MRI investigation of reinforcement learning in violent antisocial personality disordered men
Autor: | Veena Kumari, R. James R. Blair, Sheilagh Hodgins, Dominic Ffytche, Sarah Gregory, Andrew Simmons, Nigel Blackwood |
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Rok vydání: | 2015 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Male Punishment (psychology) Psychopathy Poison control Violence behavioral disciplines and activities Developmental psychology Punishment Reward Injury prevention medicine Humans Biological Psychiatry Cerebral Cortex Temporal cortex Antisocial personality disorder Human factors and ergonomics Antisocial Personality Disorder Criminals Middle Aged medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging Temporal Lobe Psychiatry and Mental health Case-Control Studies Posterior cingulate Psychology Reinforcement Psychology psychological phenomena and processes |
Zdroj: | The Lancet Psychiatry. 2:153-160 |
ISSN: | 2215-0366 |
Popis: | Men with antisocial personality disorder show lifelong abnormalities in adaptive decision making guided by the weighing up of reward and punishment information. Among men with antisocial personality disorder, modification of the behaviour of those with additional diagnoses of psychopathy seems particularly resistant to punishment.We did a case-control functional MRI (fMRI) study in 50 men, of whom 12 were violent offenders with antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy, 20 were violent offenders with antisocial personality disorder but not psychopathy, and 18 were healthy non-offenders. We used fMRI to measure brain activation associated with the representation of punishment or reward information during an event-related probabilistic response-reversal task, assessed with standard general linear-model-based analysis.Offenders with antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy displayed discrete regions of increased activation in the posterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula in response to punished errors during the task reversal phase, and decreased activation to all correct rewarded responses in the superior temporal cortex. This finding was in contrast to results for offenders without psychopathy and healthy non-offenders.Punishment prediction error signalling in offenders with antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy was highly atypical. This finding challenges the widely held view that such men are simply characterised by diminished neural sensitivity to punishment. Instead, this finding indicates altered organisation of the information-processing system responsible for reinforcement learning and appropriate decision making. This difference between violent offenders with antisocial personality disorder with and without psychopathy has implications for the causes of these disorders and for treatment approaches.National Forensic Mental Health Research and Development Programme, UK Ministry of Justice, Psychiatry Research Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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