Effect of Castration Type and Diet on Growth Performance, Serum Sex Hormones and Metabolites, and Carcass Quality of Heavy Male Pigs
| Autor: | María Angeles Latorre, Francisco Javier Miana Mena, LETICIA PÉREZ CIRIA, Javier Alvarez-Rodriguez |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Dietary protein
Male pigs General Veterinary Growth performance Carcass quality Porcs--Alimentació Immunocastration Dietary energy Castració Sex hormones male pigs immunocastration dietary energy dietary protein growth performance sex hormones serum metabolites carcass quality Animal Science and Zoology Hormones sexuals Serum metabolites |
| Zdroj: | Animals; Volume 12; Issue 8; Pages: 1004 Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragoza instname Repositorio Abierto de la UdL Universitad de Lleida |
| ISSN: | 2076-2615 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ani12081004 |
| Popis: | Simple Summary Castration is indispensable in male pigs intended for the production of high-quality dry-cured ham; however, for welfare reasons, alternatives are being sought and, among them, immunocastration stands out. The literature shows that immunocastration might generate lower fat deposition than surgical castration, which is undesirable for the dry-curing process. Therefore, it would be interesting to confirm the impact of immunocastration in male pigs and to test feeding plans that benefit fatness. The aim of this trial was to assess the effect of type of castration (surgical vs. immunological) and diet (control vs. high energy vs. low crude protein and amino acids) on growth performance, serum sex hormones and metabolites, and carcass quality of male pigs destined for the Protected Designation of Origin Teruel ham. Although immunocastration improved productive performance, it reduced carcass fatness. Also, alternative diets to control improved the feed conversion ratio but did not influence carcass quality traits. In conclusion, under a quality point of view, surgical castration would be preferable over immunocastration for dry-cured ham production, and the use of moderately high-energy or low-crude-protein and -amino-acids diets from 80 to 137 kg of body weight would not provide improvements. A trial was carried out to study the effect of type of castration and diet on pigs destined for Teruel ham production, which is a Spanish protected designation of origin for dry-cured ham. A total of 144 Duroc x (Landrace x Large White) male pigs were used. Half of them were surgically castrated and the other half were immunocastrated with three doses at approximately 25, 58 and 79 kg of body weight. Furthermore, three diets (control vs. high energy vs. low crude protein-CP- and amino acids-AA) were tested from 80 to 137 kg of body weight. Growth performance, serum sex hormones and metabolites, and carcass quality were evaluated. Immunocastrated males grew faster and had better feed conversion ratio than surgically castrated males, but presented lower carcass fatness. Pigs fed the high-energy diet and the low-CP and -AA diet were more efficient at transforming feed into gain than those fed the control diet, but no effect was detected on carcass quality. In conclusion, surgically castrated males are preferable than immunocastrated males for Teruel dry-cured ham elaboration. Besides, a high-energy diet or a low-CP and -AA diet might improve productive performances, but does not provide any benefit in terms of carcass quality. This study was funded by Agencia Estatal de Investigacion -AEI- and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional -FEDER- (Project AGL2016-78532-R). L. Perez-Ciria received a fellowship from the Gobierno de Aragon (Spain). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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