Cardiolipin and mitochondrial cristae organization
| Autor: | Robert O. Ryan, Nikita Ikon |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cardiolipins Biophysics Mitochondrion Biology Biochemistry Mitochondrial Dynamics Article Oxidative Phosphorylation GTP Phosphohydrolases Mitochondrial Proteins 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Prohibitins Cardiolipin Humans Inner mitochondrial membrane Phosphatidylethanolamine Phosphatidylethanolamines Membrane Proteins Cell Biology Blood Proteins Cell biology Mitochondria Repressor Proteins Crista 030104 developmental biology Membrane protein chemistry Gene Expression Regulation Membrane curvature Mitochondrial Membranes Ultrastructure Phosphatidylcholines lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Acyltransferases Transcription Factors |
| Popis: | A fundamental question in cell biology, under investigation for over six decades, is the structural organization of mitochondrial cristae. Long known to harbor electron transport chain proteins, crista membrane integrity is key to establishment of the proton gradient that drives oxidative phosphorylation. Visualization of cristae morphology by electron microscopy / tomography has provided evidence that cristae are tube-like extensions of the mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) that project into the matrix space. Reconciling ultrastructural data with the lipid composition of the IM provides support for a continuously curved cylindrical bilayer capped by a dome-shaped tip. Strain imposed by the degree of curvature is relieved by an asymmetric distribution of phospholipids in monolayer leaflets that comprise cristae membranes. The signature mitochondrial lipid, cardiolipin (∼18 % of IM phospholipid mass), and phosphatidylethanolamine (34 %) segregate to the negatively curved monolayer leaflet facing the crista lumen while the opposing, positively curved, matrix-facing monolayer leaflet contains predominantly phosphatidylcholine. Associated with cristae are numerous proteins that function in distinctive ways to establish and/or maintain their lipid repertoire and structural integrity. By combining unique lipid components with a set of protein modulators, crista membranes adopt and maintain their characteristic morphological and functional properties. Once established, cristae ultrastructure has a direct impact on oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, fusion / fission as well as diseases of compromised energy metabolism. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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