Patterns of alcohol use before and during pregnancy and the risk of small-for-gestational-age birth
| Autor: | Leslie Lipscomb, Nedra Whitehead |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Alcohol Drinking Epidemiology Birth weight Pregnancy Trimester Third Population Binge drinking Lower risk Risk Assessment Cohort Studies Pregnancy Reference Values medicine Odds Ratio Humans Risk factor Prospective cohort study education Retrospective Studies education.field_of_study business.industry Obstetrics Body Weight Smoking Infant Newborn Pregnancy Outcome Obstetrics and Gynecology General Medicine medicine.disease United States Pregnancy Complications Socioeconomic Factors Infant Small for Gestational Age Population study Small for gestational age Gestation Female business |
| Zdroj: | American journal of epidemiology. 158(7) |
| ISSN: | 0002-9262 |
| Popis: | Although heavy alcohol use over an extended time is known to impair fetal growth, the effects, if any, of light or moderate consumption are not clear. This study examined drinking patterns on term small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births, with particular attention to binge drinking in the 3 months before pregnancy and the last 3 months of pregnancy. Data on 50,461 women who delivered singleton full-term infants (37-42 weeks gestation) were obtained from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey. Questionnaires were mailed 2 to 6 months after delivery, and nonrespondents were interviewed by phone. The study population was predominantly white, 18 to 34 years of age, had 12 or more years of education, was married, and did not smoke in late pregnancy. Light drinkers took 3 or fewer drinks in an average week, whereas moderate consumption was defined as 4 to 13 drinks and heavy drinking as 14 or more drinks per week on average. Binging was defined as taking 5 or more drinks in one sitting. Close to half the women reported drinking just before pregnancy, 94% of them at a light level. In the last trimester, fewer than 1% of all women and 18% of heavy drinkers binged. SGA births were more common in moderate or heavy prepregnancy drinkers than in light drinkers or nondrinkers. No such association was evident, however, for drinking in the last trimester. Although women who binged at either time were not significantly likelier to deliver an SGA infant, those binging in late pregnancy were 20% more likely to do so. After adjusting for confounding variables, women who were light or moderate drinkers before pregnancy were somewhat less likely to deliver an SGA infant, although the difference was not significant. Women who drank lightly or moderately in late pregnancy were not prone to have an SGA birth. At all levels of alcohol use the risk of an SGA birth was greater for bingers, but this was significant only for heavy drinkers. The lower risk of SGA birth found in some women who drink might be related to vascular effects of alcohol, or to dietary differences between women who drink before pregnancy or in late pregnancy and those who do not. A prospective study would clarify the observations made in this population of parturients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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