Exposure to permethrin or chlorpyrifos causes differential dose- and time-dependent behavioral effects at early larval stages of an endangered teleost species
| Autor: | Michael J. Lydy, Richard E. Connon, Tien-Chieh Hung, Corie A. Fulton, Paige C. Mundy, Kara E. Huff Hartz, Nann A. Fangue, Susanne M. Brander |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Life on Land
Zoology Behavioral toxicology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Article 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Organophosphate Hypomesus transpacificus parasitic diseases medicine Delta smelt 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nature and Landscape Conservation 0303 health sciences Larva Thigmotaxis Pyrethroid biology Ecology Botany Biological Sciences biology.organism_classification chemistry QL1-991 Chlorpyrifos QK1-989 Smelt Environmental Sciences Permethrin medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Endangered Species Research, Vol 44, Iss 1, Pp 89-103 (2021) Endangered species research |
| ISSN: | 1613-4796 1863-5407 |
| Popis: | Pyrethroid and organophosphate pesticides are two of the most commonly used classes of insecticide worldwide. At sublethal concentrations, permethrin (a pyrethroid) and chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate) impact behavior in model fish species. We investigated behavioral effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of permethrin or chlorpyrifos on early larval delta smelt Hypomesus transpacificus, a Critically Endangered teleost species endemic to the San Francisco Bay Delta, California, USA. Using a photomotor behavioral assay of oscillating light and dark periods, we measured distance moved, turn angle, meander, angular velocity, rotations, thigmotaxis (time spent in the border versus center), and swim speed duration and frequency. The lowest concentrations of permethrin used in the tests (0.05 and 0.5 µg l-1) caused significant increases in distance moved at 72 and 96 h, respectively. At 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure, 5 µg l-1 of permethrin caused a hyperactive state in which the larvae significantly decreased thigmotaxis, quickly turning in short bouts of activity, characterized by significant increases in rotations and freezing events. Larvae exposed to 0.05 µg l-1 chlorpyrifos significantly increased thigmotaxis at 72 and 96 h. In response to 5 µg l-1 chlorpyrifos, larvae significantly increased velocity at 72 h exposure, and significantly increased freezing events at 96 h. Behavioral data on larval delta smelt exposed to contaminants present in their limited habitat have the potential to aid evaluations of the suitability of spawning and rearing habitats for this endangered species, thus improving conservation management strategies focused on this sensitive life stage. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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