Increasedin VitroTetanus-Induced Production of HIV Type 1 Followingin VivoImmunization of HIV Type 1-Infected Individuals with Tetanus Toxoid
| Autor: | Mario A. Ostrowski, Anthony S. Fauci, Sharilyn K. Stanley, Delia Goletti, Kira R. Gantt, Jesse S. Justement |
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| Rok vydání: | 1997 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 13:473-480 |
| ISSN: | 1931-8405 0889-2229 |
| DOI: | 10.1089/aid.1997.13.473 |
| Popis: | We have previously demonstrated that immunization of HIV-1-infected individuals with the common recall antigen, tetanus, induced transient increases in plasma viremia as well as an increased ability to isolate virus from CD8+ T cell-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) under minimally stimulated culture conditions (IL-2 plus IL-4) postimmunization. In this study, HIV-1-infected individuals were immunized with tetanus toxoid and PBMCs were examined at multiple time points following immunization. Tetanus-induced production of virus was defined as an increased ability to isolate HIV-1 from CD8+ T cell-depleted PBMCs in vitro in the presence of tetanus antigen as opposed to no antigen or control antigen alone. Following immunization, in vitro tetanus-induced production of HIV-1 was observed in 8 of 13 (62%) patients compared to 2 of 13 (15%) patients prior to immunization. In four of these patients, virus could also be isolated from CD8+ T cell-depleted PBMCs in the presence of tetanus without the addition of any exogenous IL-2. Furthermore, virus could be isolated from the unfractionated PBMCs of two patients when tetanus antigen alone was added to the culture in the absence of added PHA or PHA blasts. HIV-1 was isolated predominantly from CD4+ T cells with a CD45RO+, CD25+ phenotype and was associated with a trend to elevated levels in culture supernatants of IFN-gamma, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-4. These findings have important implications with regard to the role of ongoing antigen-specific immune responses in the induction of HIV-1 expression in vivo. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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