Cortical Morphometry in the Psychosis Risk Period: A Comprehensive Perspective of Surface Features
| Autor: | Vijay A. Mittal, Joseph M. Orr, Tina Gupta, Jessica A. Bernard, Robin Nusslock, Katherine S.F. Damme |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Adolescent Cognitive Neuroscience Posterior parietal cortex Context (language use) Article Prodrome Lingual gyrus 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Gyrus medicine Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Child Gyrification Biological Psychiatry Cerebral Cortex Superior temporal sulcus Magnetic Resonance Imaging 030227 psychiatry medicine.anatomical_structure Psychotic Disorders Endophenotype Female Neurology (clinical) Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging |
| ISSN: | 2451-9022 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.01.003 |
| Popis: | Background Gyrification features reflect brain development in the early prenatal environment. Clarifying the nature of these features in psychosis can help shed light on the role of early developmental insult. However, the literature is currently widely discrepant, which may reflect confounds related to formally psychotic patient populations or overreliance on a single feature of cortical surface morphometry (CSM). Methods This study compares CSM features of gyrification in clinical high-risk (n = 43) youths during the prodromal risk period to typically developing control subjects over two time points across three metrics: local gyrification index, mean curvature index, and sulcal depth (improving resolution and examination of change over 1 year). Results Gyrification was stable over time, supporting the idea that gyrification reflects early insult rather than abnormal development or reorganization associated with the disease state. Each of the indices highlighted unique, aberrant features in the clinical high-risk group with respect to control subjects. Specifically, the local gyrification index reflected hypogyrification in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, superior bank of the superior temporal sulcus, anterior isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, and temporal poles; the mean curvature index indicated sharper gyral and flatter or wider sulcal peaks in the cingulate, postcentral, and lingual gyrus; sulcal depth identified shallow features in the parietal, superior temporal sulcus, and cingulate regions. Further, both the mean curvature index and sulcal depth converged on abnormal features in the parietal cortex. Conclusions Gyrification metrics suggest early developmental insult and provide support for neurodevelopmental hypotheses. Observations of stable CSM features across time provide context for interpreting extant studies and speak to CSM as a promising stable marker and/or endophenotype. Collectively, findings support the importance of considering multiple CSM features. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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