Impact of dispersant on early life stages of the water flea Daphnia magna and the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica
| Autor: | Maryam Salehi, Rachel Rodriguez, Anne Boettcher, David A. Ladner, Nicholas K. Geitner, Andrew J. Whelton, Scott Rikard, Sean P. Powers |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Oyster
Daphnia magna 0211 other engineering and technologies 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Biology Toxicology 01 natural sciences Daphnia Dispersant Surface-Active Agents Animal science biology.animal Animals Polyethyleneimine Petroleum Pollution Oil dispersants Crassostrea 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 021110 strategic defence & security studies biology.organism_classification Lipids Fishery Petroleum Larva Eastern oyster Corexit Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Applied Toxicology. 37:1464-1470 |
| ISSN: | 1099-1263 0260-437X |
| DOI: | 10.1002/jat.3494 |
| Popis: | In response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, over 1 million gallons of dispersant were applied in Gulf of Mexico offshore waters; Corexit 9500 was the most applied dispersant. The impact on organisms in nearshore and freshwaters has received little scrutiny. Acute 48 h toxicity of Corexit 9500 and a new hyperbranched polyethylenimine (HPEI) dispersant-like compound were evaluated for the freshwater indicator organism, Daphnia magna and for larval and early spat stages of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. For D. magna, Corexit 9500 demonstrated toxicity (EC50 of 0.14 [0.13, 0.15] ppm) similar to the 10-kDa HPEI (EC50 of 0.16 [0.12, 0.19] ppm). HPEI toxicity increased as a function of molecular weight (1.2 to 750 kDa). The 10 kDa size HPEI was further investigated because it dispersed crude oil with equal effectiveness as Corexit. For Corexit, 100% oyster mortality was detected for the ≤0.2-mm size classes and mortality >50% for the 0.3- and 0.7-mm size classes at the two greatest concentrations (25 and 50 ppm). HPEI (10 kDa) exhibited low mortality rates ( |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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