Role of hair pigmentation in drug incorporation into hair
| Autor: | Young Ho Seo, Sooyeun Lee, Won-Jun Jang, Chul-Ho Jeong, Hyerim Yu, Byoungduck Park, Jung-Hee Jang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Drug media_common.quotation_subject Analgesic Pharmacology 01 natural sciences Pathology and Forensic Medicine Melanin 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound otorhinolaryngologic diseases medicine Distribution (pharmacology) Animals Humans Rats Long-Evans Hair Color Cells Cultured Tramadol media_common integumentary system Chemistry 010401 analytical chemistry Hair analysis 0104 chemical sciences Analgesics Opioid HaCaT 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure sense organs Hair cell Law Toxicant Hair |
| Zdroj: | Forensic science international. 281 |
| ISSN: | 1872-6283 |
| Popis: | Hair analysis has notably expanded its application as a bio-monitor for drug or toxicant exposure. Hair pigmentation is proposed as a major factor affecting drug incorporation into hair; however, the mechanisms underlying the incorporation of drugs into hair are still unclear. In the present study, the effect of hair pigmentation on drug incorporation into hair was examined using rats carrying hair with different melanin status and human cells (SK-Mel-28 cells, HaCaT cells and the co-cultured HaCaT cells with SK-Mel-28 cells) representing the main pigmentary unit in hair. Tramadol, a synthetic opioid analgesic, was selected as a model drug. The distribution of tramadol and its phase I (O-desmethyltramadol [ODMT], N-desmethyltramadol [NDMT] and N,O-didesmethyltramadol [NODMT]) and phase II metabolites (ODMT-glucuronide and NODMT-glucuronide) was investigated in non-pigmented and pigmented hair from Long-Evans rats. Moreover, the incorporation levels of ODMT and ODMT-glucuronide were compared in hair cells. The concentrations of tramadol and its phase I metabolites were significantly higher in pigmented rat hair while those of phase II metabolites did not showed any consistent significant difference depending on the status of hair pigmentation. ODMT was taken up to a greater extent than ODMT-glucuronide by SK-Mel-28 cells, HaCaT cells and the co-cultured HaCaT cells with SK-Mel-28 cells. Notably, the incorporated level of ODMT was higher in SK-Mel-28 cells than HaCaT cells and the concentration difference of ODMT was significantly larger than that of ODMT-glucuronide. This study clearly demonstrated that hair pigmentation played a role as a facilitating factor for the incorporation of basic compounds and provided insight into the drug incorporation process into hair. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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