L-TRUST: long-term risk of cancer in patients under statins therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
| Autor: | Bruno Silva Lopes, Vera Afreixo, Lara Tomás, Helena Palma, Sofia Fraga Almeida, Nuno Sales Craveiro, Luís Costa Matos |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Risk
medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Statin Epidemiology medicine.drug_class Cochrane Library 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy law.invention 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Randomized controlled trial law Neoplasms Internal medicine medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) 030212 general & internal medicine cardiovascular diseases Drug safety Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Cancer business.industry Pharmacoepidemiology Statins nutritional and metabolic diseases medicine.disease Cardiovascular Diseases Meta-analysis Relative risk Observational study lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors business Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instacron:RCAAP |
| Popis: | Introduction Statins are widely prescribed drugs with established efficacy in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Although they are mostly well tolerated, several authors have been emphasizing that the statins' safety profile is not totally clarified especially when considering risk of cancer in patients with long-term exposure to statins. This meta-analysis was aimed at evaluating the risk of cancer in patients with prolonged exposure to statins. Methods Medline, Cochrane library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched in order to identify studies with a minimum average follow-up of 10 years of exposure to statins and a cancer-related outcome reported. Relative risk (RR) of the primary outcomes and the combined effect was presented using a random-effects model. In the selected randomized control trials (RCT), statin exposure was compared with placebo, and in the selected observational studies, it was compared with no exposure to statins. Results We retrieved 1627 studies, of which 15 full-papers were included for final review, five RCT, two cohort studies (CSs), and eight case-control studies (CCs), representing a total of 358 544 patients. Five RCT, two cohort studies (CSs), and eight case-control studies (CCs). No significant differences were found regarding risk of cancer occurrence (RR = 1.08, 0.96-1.21) or cancer mortality (RR = 0.91, 0.80-1.04) due to long-term statin exposure. Regarding all-cause mortality, a protective effect was found (RR = 0.93, 0.90-0.97). Conclusions According to available and published evidence, statins are not associated with an increased risk of cancer after prolonged exposure. These findings strengthen the role of statins in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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