Methodology for safety optimization of highway cross-sections for horizontal curves with restricted sight distance
| Autor: | Shewkar E. Ibrahim, Karim Ismail, Tarek Sayed |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Engineering
Poison control Human Factors and Ergonomics Risk Assessment Reduction (complexity) Transport engineering Accident Prevention Humans Safety Risk Reliability and Quality Reliability (statistics) British Columbia business.industry Accidents Traffic Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Probabilistic logic Reproducibility of Results Models Theoretical Collision Reliability engineering Sight Geometric design Environment Design Safety Risk assessment business Algorithms |
| Zdroj: | Accident Analysis & Prevention. 49:476-485 |
| ISSN: | 0001-4575 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.aap.2012.03.016 |
| Popis: | Several earlier studies have noted the shortcomings with existing geometric design guides which provide deterministic standards. In these standards the safety margin of the design output is generally unknown and there is little knowledge of the safety implications of deviating from the standards. To mitigate these shortcomings, probabilistic geometric design has been advocated where reliability analysis can be used to account for the uncertainty in the design parameters and to provide a mechanism for risk measurement to evaluate the safety impact of deviations from design standards. This paper applies reliability analysis for optimizing the safety of highway cross-sections. The paper presents an original methodology to select a suitable combination of cross-section elements with restricted sight distance to result in reduced collisions and consistent risk levels. The purpose of this optimization method is to provide designers with a proactive approach to the design of cross-section elements in order to (i) minimize the risk associated with restricted sight distance, (ii) balance the risk across the two carriageways of the highway, and (iii) reduce the expected collision frequency. A case study involving nine cross-sections that are parts of two major highway developments in British Columbia, Canada, was presented. The results showed that an additional reduction in collisions can be realized by incorporating the reliability component, P(nc) (denoting the probability of non-compliance), in the optimization process. The proposed approach results in reduced and consistent risk levels for both travel directions in addition to further collision reductions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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