Differential-Mode to Common-Mode Conversion Detector Based on Rat-Race Hybrid Couplers: Analysis and Application to Differential Sensors and Comparators
| Autor: | Ferran Martin, Javier Mata-Contreras, Jonathan Munoz-Enano, Paris Velez, Marta Gil Barba |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Differential mode
Physics Differential sensor Radiation Microwave sensor Balanced circuit Comparator Common mode Energy conversion efficiency 020206 networking & telecommunications 02 engineering and technology Condensed Matter Physics Topology Microstrip Rat-race coupler Balun 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Common-mode signal Electrical and Electronic Engineering Sensitivity (electronics) |
| Zdroj: | Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Recercat: Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
| ISSN: | 1557-9670 0018-9480 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/tmtt.2019.2955676 |
| Popis: | A microwave device able to detect differential-mode to common-mode conversion (or vice versa) in a four-port balanced circuit is proposed. For mode conversion detection, the balanced circuit should be fed by a differential-mode signal, generated by means of a rat-race balun from a single-ended signal. By connecting the pair of output ports of the balanced circuit under test to one of the two pairs of isolated ports of a second rat-race coupler, conversion to the common-mode (if it exists) can be detected and recorded in the $\Sigma $ -port. Since the signal level at the output (single-ended) port depends on mode conversion efficiency, the complete two-port structure, including the pair of rat-race couplers plus the balanced circuit in between, can be used as a comparator or differential microwave sensor based on mode conversion. In such a sensor, the working principle is symmetry disruption (caused, e.g., by an asymmetric dielectric load), and the output variable is the transmission coefficient, related to the level of asymmetry. A detailed analysis, considering an arbitrary unbalanced four-port test structure (to account for symmetry disruption), is carried out. Then, such analysis is particularized to the case of a pair of unbalanced and uncoupled matched lines, and the conditions for sensitivity optimization are obtained. Finally, a differential sensor and comparator based on a pair of balanced (and meandered) matched lines, designed according to the guidelines for sensitivity optimization, is fabricated and validated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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