The relationship of elbow alignment and kinematics on shoulder torque during the softball pitch: a biomechanical analysis of female softball pitchers
| Autor: | Luke S. Oh, Robert C. McCunney, Eric M. Berkson, Donna Moxley Scarborough |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
musculoskeletal diseases
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Sports medicine Movement Elbow Kinematics Baseball Shoulder flexion Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Forearm Elbow Joint Humans Medicine Torque Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Range of Motion Articular Orthodontics 030222 orthopedics Shoulder Joint business.industry Biomechanics 030229 sport sciences General Medicine musculoskeletal system Biomechanical Phenomena body regions medicine.anatomical_structure Goniometer Female Surgery business human activities |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 28:357-364 |
| ISSN: | 1058-2746 |
| Popis: | Background Female softball pitchers commonly throw more pitches per game and season than their baseball counterparts. The greatest stress to the shoulder during a softball windmill pitch is at ball release (BR). This study investigated shoulder torques at BR among female softball pitchers and identified relationships to the kinematics of the elbow and forearm and alignment of the elbow (carrying angle and elbow extension). Methods High-speed 3-dimensional biomechanical analyses were performed in 33 pitchers (25 high school, 8 collegiate). Elbow and shoulder biomechanics at BR during fastball pitches and goniometric measures of carrying angle and elbow extension were collected and analyzed. Results Carrying angle correlated positively with shoulder extension torque at BR (rs = 0.371, P = .048) and forearm pronation at BR (rs = 0.370, P = .048). During the windmill pitch, the greater the elbow flexion, the greater shoulder adduction torque at BR (rs = –0.522, P = .007). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the carrying angle, passive elbow extension, and elbow flexion/extension angle at BR predicted shoulder flexion/extension torque at BR (F3,24 = 3.463, R2 = .302, P = .032.) Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that shoulder torques during the softball fastpitch are influenced by the carrying angle and the kinematic elbow flexion angle at BR. Sports medicine clinicians and coaches should consider the role that the elbow carrying angle plays in creating shoulder stress when treating and training fastpitch softball players. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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