In vivo morphological changes in animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's-like disease: MRI approach

Autor: Pavle R. Andjus, Goran Bačić, Charles Nicaise, Carlo Gangitano, Greetje Vanhoutte, Dinko Mitrečić, Annemie Van der Linden, Danijela Bataveljic, Fabrice Gankam Kengne, Fabrizio Pizzolante, Fabrizio Michetti, Roland Pochet, Nevena Djogo
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2009
Předmět:
In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Histology
Central nervous system
Biology
03 medical and health sciences
Lateral ventricles
0302 clinical medicine
Atrophy
Alzheimer Disease
Alzheimer's-like disease
medicine
Animals
Humans
Gliosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Ecology
Evolution
Behavior and Systematics
030304 developmental biology
Settore BIO/16 - ANATOMIA UMANA
0303 health sciences
medicine.diagnostic_test
Animal
Chemotaxis
Neurodegeneration
Brain
Magnetic resonance imaging
Alzheimer
ALS
NMR
Leukocyte
MRI approach
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Astrogliosis
Rats
Chemotaxis
Leukocyte
Disease Models
Animal
medicine.anatomical_structure
Blood-Brain Barrier
Disease Models
Nerve Degeneration
Encephalitis
Human medicine
Anatomy
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Biotechnology
Zdroj: The anatomical record: advances in integrative anatomy and evolutionary biology
ISSN: 1932-8486
Popis: NMR imaging approach was used to show specific pathological changes in the brain tissue during development of Alzheimer and ALS diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the only noninvasive technique that provides structural information on both cell loss and metabolic changes. After reviewing all the results obtained in clinical studies, reliable biomarkers in neurological diseases are still lacking. Diffusional MRI, MR spectroscopy, and the assessment of regional atrophy are promising approaches, but they cannot be simultaneously used on a single patient. Thus, for further research progress, reliable animal models are needed. To this aim, we have used the clinical MRI to assess neurodegenerative processes in the hSOD-1G93A ALS rat model and in the trimethyltin (TMT)-treated model of Alzheimer's-like disease. T2-weighted (T2W) hyperintensive neurodegenerative foci were found in the brainstem of the ALS rat with apparent lateral ventricle dilation (T1W—hypointensity vs. T2W—hyperintensity). Degenerative processes in these areas were also confirmed by confocal images of GFAP-positive astrogliosis. MRI after i.v.i. of magnetic anti-CD4 antibodies indicated an accumulation of inflammatory cells near dilated ventricles. TMT-treated rats also revealed the dilation of lateral ventricles. Expected deterioration in the hippocampus was not observed by clinical MRI, but immunocytochemistry could reveal significant redistribution of macro- and microglia in this structure. In both models, Gd-DTPA contrast revealed a compromised blood brain barrier that may serve as the passage for inflammatory immune cells in the vicinity of dilated lateral ventricles. Moreover, in both models the midbrain region of the dorsal hippocampus was the target of BBB compromise, thus revealing a potentially vulnerable point that can be the primary target of neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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