Two weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training, but not high-intensity interval training, increases insulin-stimulated intestinal glucose uptake
Autor: | Tamiko Ishizu, Jarna C. Hannukainen, Tove J. Grönroos, Kumail K. Motiani, Minna Yli-Karjanmaa, Nina Savisto, Juhani Knuuti, Merja Haaparanta-Solin, Jussi Toivanen, Eliisa Löyttyniemi, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Markku Ahotupa, Riitta Parkkola, Anna M. Savolainen, Jukka Kapanen, Pirjo Nuutila, Jari-Joonas Eskelinen, Olof Solin, Kari K. Kalliokoski |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Male moderate-intensity continuous training medicine.medical_specialty positron emission tomography Physiology Glucose uptake medicine.medical_treatment 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Fatty Acids Nonesterified High-Intensity Interval Training 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Insulin resistance Physical Conditioning Animal Physiology (medical) Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Insulin Intestinal Metabolism Intestinal Mucosa Rats Wistar intestinal metabolism ta315 intestine Fatty acids.nonesterified exercise business.industry ta1184 030229 sport sciences Middle Aged ta3121 medicine.disease Continuous training Rats 3. Good health Intensity (physics) Glucose Endocrinology Positron-Emission Tomography sense organs Insulin Resistance business High-intensity interval training Research Article |
Zdroj: | Journal of Applied Physiology |
ISSN: | 1522-1601 8750-7587 |
DOI: | 10.1152/japplphysiol.00431.2016 |
Popis: | This is the first study where the effects of exercise training on the intestinal substrate uptake have been investigated using the most advanced techniques available. We also show the importance of exercise intensity in inducing these changes. Similar to muscles, the intestine is also insulin resistant in obese subjects and subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Exercise training improves muscle insulin sensitivity, but its effects on intestinal metabolism are not known. We studied the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on intestinal glucose and free fatty acid uptake from circulation in humans. Twenty-eight healthy, middle-aged, sedentary men were randomized for 2 wk of HIIT or MICT. Intestinal insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and fasting free fatty acid uptake from circulation were measured using positron emission tomography and [18F]FDG and [18F]FTHA. In addition, effects of HIIT and MICT on intestinal GLUT2 and CD36 protein expression were studied in rats. Training improved aerobic capacity (P = 0.001) and whole body insulin sensitivity (P = 0.04), but not differently between HIIT and MICT. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake increased only after the MICT in the colon (HIIT = 0%; MICT = 37%) (P = 0.02 for time × training) and tended to increase in the jejunum (HIIT = −4%; MICT = 13%) (P = 0.08 for time × training). Fasting free fatty acid uptake decreased in the duodenum in both groups (HIIT = −6%; MICT = −48%) (P = 0.001 time) and tended to decrease in the colon in the MICT group (HIIT = 0%; MICT = −38%) (P = 0.08 for time × training). In rats, both training groups had higher GLUT2 and CD36 expression compared with control animals. This study shows that already 2 wk of MICT enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, while both training modes reduce fasting free fatty acid uptake in the intestine in healthy, middle-aged men, providing an additional mechanism by which exercise training can improve whole body metabolism. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study where the effects of exercise training on the intestinal substrate uptake have been investigated using the most advanced techniques available. We also show the importance of exercise intensity in inducing these changes. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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