High prevalence of long-term olfactory, gustatory, and chemesthesis dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients: a matched case-control study with one-year follow-up using a comprehensive psychophysical evaluation
| Autor: | E Cancellieri, Nicoletta Gardenal, Cristoforo Fabbris, Enzo Emanuelli, K Cargnelutti, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Riccardo Marzolino, Daniele Borsetto, M Dibattista, Anna Menini, Enrico Zanelli, Giancarlo Tirelli, Jerry Polesel, Giacomo Spinato, Andrea D'Alessandro, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Claire Hopkins, S Fadda, Thomas Hummel |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo, Hummel, T, Hopkins, C, Dibattista, M, Menini, Anna, Spinato, G, Fabbris, C, Emanuelli, E, D'Alessandro, A, Marzolino, R, Zanelli, E, Cancellieri, E, Cargnelutti, K, Fadda, S, Borsetto, D, Vaira, L A, Gardenal, N, Polesel, J, Tirelli, G |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) SARS-Cov-2 Anosmia Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Population Olfaction Audiology Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia Olfaction Disorders Taste Disorders chemistry.chemical_compound Chemesthesis Prevalence Humans Medicine education Depression (differential diagnoses) Case-Control Studies COVID-19 education.field_of_study SARS-CoV-2 business.industry Case-control study General Medicine Smell Exact test Otorhinolaryngology chemistry Case-Control Studie business Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Rhinology journal. |
| ISSN: | 0300-0729 |
| Popis: | Background: Using an age and gender matched-pair case-control study, we aimed to estimate the long-term prevalence of psychophysical olfactory, gustatory , and chemesthesis impairment at least one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection considering the background of chemosensory dysfunction in non-COVID-19 population. Methodology: This case-controlled study included 100 patients who were home-isolated for mildly symptomatic COVID-19 between March and April 2020. One control regularly tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection and always tested negative was matched to each case according to gender and age. Chemosensory function was investigated by a comprehensive psychophysical evaluation including ortho- and retronasal olfaction and an extensive assessment of gustatory function. Differences in chemosensory parameters were evaluated through either Fisher’s exact test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The psychophysical assessment of chemosensory function took place after a median of 401 days from the first SARS-CoV-2 positive swab. The evaluation of orthonasal smell identified 46% and 10% of cases and controls, respectively, having olfactory dysfunction, with 7% of COVID-19 cases being functionally anosmic. Testing of gustatory function revealed a 27% of cases versus 10% of controls showing a gustatory impairment. Nasal trigeminal sensitivity was significantly lower in cases compared to controls. Persistent chemosensory impairment was associated with emotional distress and depression. Conclusion: More than one year after the onset of COVID-19, cases exhibited an excess of olfactory, gustatory , and chemesthesis disturbances compared to matched-pair controls with these symptoms being associated to emotional distress and depression. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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