Spider mites suppress tomato defenses downstream of jasmonate and salicylate independently of hormonal crosstalk
| Autor: | Maria L. Pappas, Maurice W. Sabelis, Merijn R. Kant, Bernardus C. J. Schimmel, Robert C. Schuurink, Joris J. Glas, Carlos A. Villarroel, Lívia Maria Silva Ataíde, Juan M. Alba |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Plant Physiology (SILS, FNWI), Green Life Sciences, Population Biology (IBED, FNWI) |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Physiology
Tetranychus spp. (spider mite) Defence mechanisms Cyclopentanes Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) Plant Science herbivore communities chemistry.chemical_compound Solanum lycopersicum Gene Expression Regulation Plant Spider mite Botany Plant defense against herbivory Animals defense suppression salicylic acid (SA) Herbivory Oxylipins Tetranychus urticae Jasmonate biology Research Jasmonic acid food and beverages biology.organism_classification Plant Leaves hormonal crosstalk jasmonic acid (JA) chemistry Female Tetranychus Salicylic Acid Tetranychidae Antagonism |
| Zdroj: | New Phytologist, 205(2), 828-840. Wiley-Blackwell The New Phytologist |
| ISSN: | 1469-8137 0028-646X |
| Popis: | Plants respond to herbivory by mounting a defense. Some plant-eating spider mites (Tetranychus spp.) have adapted to plant defenses to maintain a high reproductive performance. From natural populations we selected three spider mite strains from two species, Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus evansi, that can suppress plant defenses, using a fourth defense-inducing strain as a benchmark, to assess to which extent these strains suppress defenses differently. We characterized timing and magnitude of phytohormone accumulation and defense-gene expression, and determined if mites that cannot suppress defenses benefit from sharing a leaf with suppressors. The nonsuppressor strain induced a mixture of jasmonate- (JA) and salicylate (SA)-dependent defenses. Induced defense genes separated into three groups: 'early' (expression peak at 1 d postinfestation (dpi)); 'intermediate' (4 dpi); and 'late', whose expression increased until the leaf died. The T. evansi strains suppressed genes from all three groups, but the T. urticae strain only suppressed the late ones. Suppression occurred downstream of JA and SA accumulation, independently of the JA-SA antagonism, and was powerful enough to boost the reproductive performance of nonsuppressors up to 45%. Our results show that suppressing defenses not only brings benefits but, within herbivore communities, can also generate a considerable ecological cost when promoting the population growth of a competitor. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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