Electromyography: A Simple and Accessible Tool to Assess Physical Performance and Health during Hypoxia Training. A Systematic Review

Autor: Ana Fernández Araque, David P. Adams, Jerónimo J González-Bernal, Cesar I Fernandez-Lazaro, Diego Fernández-Lázaro, Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, Alicia Cano García
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
medicine.medical_specialty
electromyography
2407 Biología Celular
Geography
Planning and Development
lcsh:TJ807-830
lcsh:Renewable energy sources
Electromiografía
Sensory system
Physical examination
Electromyography
Management
Monitoring
Policy and Law
Cochrane Library
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Physical medicine and rehabilitation
Muscle response
Respuesta muscular
Medicine
Hipoxia
lcsh:Environmental sciences
lcsh:GE1-350
Muscle fatigue
medicine.diagnostic_test
Biología celular
exercise
Renewable Energy
Sustainability and the Environment
business.industry
hypoxia
lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants
Skeletal muscle
030229 sport sciences
physical performance
Hypoxia (medical)
health care
medicine.anatomical_structure
lcsh:TD194-195
Arterial blood
fatigue
medicine.symptom
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Sustainability, Vol 12, Iss 9137, p 9137 (2020)
ISSN: 2071-1050
Popis: Producción Científica
Hypoxia causes reduced partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood and induces adaptations in skeletal muscle that may affect individuals’ physical performance and muscular health. These muscular changes are detectable and quantifiable by electromyography (EMG), an instrument that assesses electrical activity during active contraction at rest. EMG is a relatively simple and accessible technique for all patients, one that can show the degree of the sensory and motor functions because it provides information about the status of the peripheral nerves and muscles. The main goal of this review is to evaluate the scientific evidence of EMG as an instrument for monitoring different responses of skeletal muscles subjected to external stimuli such as hypoxia and physical activity. A structured search was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in Medline/PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Plus. The search included articles published in the last 25 years until May 2020 and was restricted to English- and Spanish-language publications. As such, investigators identified nine articles that met the search criteria. The results determined that EMG was able to detect muscle fatigue from changes in the frequency spectrum. When a muscle was fatigued, high frequency components decreased and low frequency components increased. In other studies, EMG determined muscle activation increased during exercise by recruiting motor units and by increasing the intensity of muscle contractions. Finally, it was also possible to calculate the mean quadriceps quadratic activity used to obtain an image of muscle activation. In conclusion, EMG offers a suitable tool for monitoring the different skeletal muscle responses and has sufficient sensitivity to detect hypoxia-induced muscle changes produced by hypoxic stimuli. Moreover, EMG enhances an extension of physical examination and tests motor-system integrity.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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