On the compressional rheology of fresh faeces: Evidence for improving community scale sanitation through localised dewatering
| Autor: | Yadira Bajón-Fernández, Ewan J. McAdam, Brian R. Stoner, Shane P. Usher, Edwina Mercer |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Sanitation Sedimentation (water treatment) Wastewater Waste Disposal Fluid law.invention Feces Rheology law hindered settling function Thickening Waste Management and Disposal Filtration Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering solids diffusivity Sewage Ecological Modeling Water Pulp and paper industry Total dissolved solids Pollution Dewatering Slurry Environmental science pressure filtration compressive yield stress |
| Zdroj: | Water research. 204 |
| ISSN: | 1879-2448 |
| Popis: | Non-sewered sanitation is currently dependant upon pit latrine emptying, the safety of which is compromised by the high costs of faecal sludge transport to centralised treatment facilities. Transport in turn is hindered by the complex rheology of pit latrine sludge. This study therefore characterised the compressional rheology of fresh faeces and modelled the implications for passive (gravity) or mechanical (forced) solid/liquid separation. This informs on the viability of decentralising dewatering for more efficient volume reduction and improving the economics of transportation. The gel point (ϕg) is the solids concentration where the material has a networked structure and signifies the point when mechanical intervention is required for further solid-liquid separation. For fresh faeces, ϕg ranged between 6.3 and 15.6% total solids (TS) concentration. This is significantly higher than the ϕg observed for wastewater sludge at centralised facilities, and it implies that passive gravity driven processes can suffice to improve localised dewatering. The kinetics of passive sedimentation of faecal material were modelled and illustrate thickening from 3 to 10% TS concentration in |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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