Transient Immune Activation in BCG-Vaccinated Infant Rhesus Macaques Is Not Sufficient to Influence Oral Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
| Autor: | James T. Fuller, Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn, Chloe I. Jones, Deborah H. Fuller, Heather B. Jaspan, Donald L. Sodora, Alessandro Sette, Adriana Lippy, Matthew P. Wood, Patience Murapa, Lianna F. Wood, Megan Templeton, Bridget S. Fisher |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome CD38 medicine.disease_cause Pathogenesis Editorial Commentaries Immune system Immunology and Allergy Medicine Animals Lymph node business.industry Monocyte Vaccination SAIDS Vaccines Simian immunodeficiency virus Macaca mulatta Retroviruses Simian Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Immunity Active Immunology Models Animal Female business BCG vaccine |
| Zdroj: | J Infect Dis |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 |
| Popis: | BCG vaccination has been demonstrated to increase levels of activated CD4+ T cells, thus potentially influencing mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To assess the risk of BCG vaccination in HIV infection, we randomly assigned newborn rhesus macaques to receive BCG vaccine or remain unvaccinated and then undergo oral simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) challenges 3 weeks later. We observed elevated levels of activated peripheral CD4+ T cells (ie, HLA-DR+CD38+CCR5+ CD4+ T cells) by week 3 after vaccination. BCG was also associated with an altered immune gene expression profile, as well as with monocyte activation in both peripheral blood and the draining axillary lymph node, indicating significant BCG vaccine–induced immune activation. Despite these effects, BCG vaccination did not increase the rate of SIV oral transmission or disease progression. Our findings therefore identify patterns of T-cell and monocyte activation that occur after BCG vaccination but do not support the hypothesis that BCG vaccination is a risk factor for postnatal HIV transmission or increased pathogenesis in infants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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