Composition and Morphology of Particle Emissions from in-use Aircraft during Takeoff and Landing
| Autor: | Graham R. Johnson, Thor E. Bostrom, Mandana Mazaheri, Lidia Morawska |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
business.industry Metallurgy Australia Air pollution Nucleation General Chemistry medicine.disease_cause Microanalysis Takeoff and landing Microscopy Electron Transmission Transmission electron microscopy Range (aeronautics) Ultrafine particle medicine Environmental Chemistry Particle Size Aerospace engineering Aviation business Air quality index |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology. 47:5235-5242 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| Popis: | In order to provide realistic data for air pollution inventories and source apportionment at airports, the morphology and composition of ultrafine particles (UFP) in aircraft engine exhaust were measured and characterized. For this purpose, two independent measurement techniques were employed to collect emissions during normal takeoff and landing operations at Brisbane Airport, Australia. PM1 emissions in the airfield were collected on filters and analyzed using the particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique. Morphological and compositional analyses of individual ultrafine particles in aircraft plumes were performed on silicon nitride membrane grids using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). TEM results showed that the deposited particles were in the range of 5 to 100 nm in diameter, had semisolid spherical shapes and were dominant in the nucleation mode (18 – 20 nm). The EDX analysis showed the main elements in the nucleation particles were C, O, S and Cl. The PIXE analysis of the airfield samples was generally in agreement with the EDX in detecting S, Cl, K, Fe and Si in the particles. The results of this study provide important scientific information on the toxicity of aircraft exhaust and their impact on local air quality. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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