The Stromal and Immune Landscape of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Implications for Precision Medicine Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment
| Autor: | P.M. Wu, Wei Dai, Lanqi Gong, Xin Yuan Guan, Yan Wang, Dora L.W. Kwong, Anne Wing-Mui Lee |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Tumor microenvironment Stromal cell business.industry medicine.medical_treatment precision medicine immune regulation Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens nasophanrygeal carcinoma Immunotherapy Review single-cell sequencing Precision medicine medicine.disease Targeted therapy tumor microenvionment Immune system Single cell sequencing Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Oncology Cancer research Medicine business RC254-282 |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Oncology Frontiers in Oncology, Vol 11 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2234-943X |
| Popis: | The evolution of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a cancer-dependent and dynamic process. The TME is often a complex ecosystem with immunosuppressive and tumor-promoting functions. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, primarily focus on inducing tumor apoptosis and hijacking tumor growth, whereas the tumor-protective microenvironment cannot be altered or destructed. Thus, tumor cells can quickly escape from extraneous attack and develop therapeutic resistance, eventually leading to treatment failure. As an Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancy, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is frequently infiltrated with varied stromal cells, making its microenvironment a highly heterogeneous and suppressive harbor protecting tumor cells from drug penetration, immune attack, and facilitating tumor development. In the last decade, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have emerged as promising options to treat advanced, metastatic, recurrent, and resistant NPC, but lack of understanding of the TME had hindered the therapeutic development and optimization. Single-cell sequencing of NPC-infiltrating cells has recently deciphered stromal composition and functional dynamics in the TME and non-malignant counterpart. In this review, we aim to depict the stromal landscape of NPC in detail based on recent advances, and propose various microenvironment-based approaches for precision therapy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|