Plaque calcification is driven by different mechanisms of mineralization associated with specific cardiovascular risk factors

Autor: Silvestro Mauriello, Manuel Scimeca, Annarita Granaglia, Rita Bonfiglio, Alessandro Mauriello, Giuseppe Santeusanio, Orazio Schillaci, Nicoletta Urbano, Elena Bonanno, Nicola Toschi, Stefania Schiaroli, Virginia Tancredi, Lucia Anemona
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Male
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Mineralization
Endocrinology
Diabetes and Metabolism
Settore MED/08
Medicine (miscellaneous)
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Inflammation
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Calcitriol receptor
Atherosclerosis
BMP-2
Plaque calcification
Risk factors
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
medicine
Humans
Carotid Stenosis
Osteopontin
Vascular Calcification
Aged
Aged
80 and over
Nutrition and Dietetics
Tissue microarray
biology
business.industry
Settore FIS/07
Hypertriglyceridemia
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Immunohistochemistry
Plaque
Atherosclerotic
Carotid Arteries
chemistry
RANKL
Tissue Array Analysis
biology.protein
Sclerostin
Female
medicine.symptom
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
Biomarkers
Calcification
Zdroj: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD. 29(12)
ISSN: 1590-3729
Popis: Background and aims The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations among markers of mineralization, plaque instability and the main risk factors of atherosclerosis. Methods and results A Tissue MicroArray containing 52 samples of calcified carotid plaques from 52 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were built. TMA serial sections were used to study the expression of inflammatory and mineralization markers (BMP-2, BMP-4, VDR, RANKL, Osteopontin, Sclerostin, β-catenin and calmodulin) by immunohistochemistry. Our data clearly demonstrated the expression of mineralization markers in atheromatic plaques. Indeed, with the exception of RANKL, all investigated markers were expressed in at least 60% of cases. Specifically, multivariate analysis displayed significant associations between both the expression of BMP-2 and the presence of unstable plaques as well as between the expression of β-catenin and the presence of stable plaques. We also found a significant inverse association between both a) the presence of hypertension and VDR and b) smoking habits and calmodulin expression. Finally, we noted a higher density of RANKL positive cells in plaques from diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic ones and a significant positive association between hypertriglyceridemia and BMP-4 expression. Conclusion Our results support the hypothesis that the process of atherosclerotic plaque calcification presents a number of similarities with the physiological processes that occur in bone, involving both osteoblasts- and osteoclasts-like arterial cells. Finally, the present study suggests that risk factors, such as hypertension, cigarette smoke and diabetes, can cause the destabilization of the atheromatic plaque acting on calcification process as well as inflammation.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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