Protocol for lapis lazuli provenance determination: evidence for an Afghan origin of the stones used for ancient carved artefacts kept at the Egyptian Museum of Florence (Italy)
| Autor: | Lisa Castelli, Brice Moignard, Laurent Pichon, Quentin Lemasson, Gianluca Gariani, Alessandro Lo Giudice, Mirko Massi, Giovanni Pratesi, D. Angelici, Francesco Taccetti, Claire Pacheco, Alessandro Borghi, Alessandro Re, Lorenzo Giuntini, Silvia Calusi, Thomas Calligaro, Maria Cristina Guidotti |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France (C2RMF), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire du Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France (LC2RMF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France (C2RMF) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Archeology
Provenance [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory media_common.quotation_subject 02 engineering and technology Ancient history engineering.material 01 natural sciences Archaeometry Archaeological science [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences Afghan [CHIM]Chemical Sciences Lapis lazuli Provenance Ancient Egypt Archaeometry μ-PIXE Ionoluminescence Ancient Egypt ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS media_common Lapis lazuli 010401 analytical chemistry Art [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Archaeology μ-PIXE 0104 chemical sciences Ancient egypt Ionoluminescence Anthropology Georeference Reference database engineering 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, Springer, 2017, 9 (4), pp.637-651. ⟨10.1007/s12520-016-0430-0⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1866-9565 |
| Popis: | Despite that the Badakhshan Province (Afghanistan) remains the most plausible hypothesis for the lapis lazuli used in antiquity, alternatives proposed in literature are worth to study to confirm or disprove their historical reliability. In this work, a protocol for determining the provenance of lapis lazuli rocks used for carved artefacts is described. Markers for the univocal attribution of the raw material to a source were identified analysing 45 rocks of known provenance (among which 15 georeferenced) from 4 quarry districts. To the best of our knowledge, this reference database is the widest in provenance studies on lapis lazuli. All the markers are recognisable by means of Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) techniques, in particular micro-proton-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) and micro-ionoluminescence (IL). These techniques are non-invasive and applicable in air, allowing to analyse artworks and rocks of practically any shape and dimension without sample preparation. The protocol was applied to determine the provenance of raw material used for carved lapis lazuli artefacts kept at the Egyptian Museum of Florence, the second most important Egyptian museum in Italy, second only to the museum of Turin. The collection in Florence has a great historical value and includes several lapis lazuli pendants, scarabs, small statuettes and amulets ascribable mainly to the first millennium BC. Following the protocol, 11 of these artefacts were analysed by means of IBA techniques. Results ascribe the raw material to the Afghan quarry district. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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