Association of cognitive restraint with ghrelin, leptin, and insulin levels in subjects who are not weight-reduced

Autor: David E. Cummings, Ellen A. Schur, Holly S. Callahan, Karen E. Foster-Schubert
Rok vydání: 2008
Předmět:
Zdroj: Physiology & Behavior. 93:706-712
ISSN: 0031-9384
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.11.025
Popis: Despite widespread efforts at weight loss, the prevalence of obesity continues to rise. Restrained eating is a pattern of attempted weight control characterized by cognitive restriction of food intake that has paradoxically been linked with overeating and/or weight gain. It is not known whether restrained eating is associated with abnormalities in appetite-regulating hormones, independent of its effects on body weight. To address this question, we assessed cognitive restraint using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and obtained fasting measurements of ghrelin, leptin and insulin from 24 healthy, nonobese (body mass index (BMI) 19.7 to 29.6 kg/m2) adult subjects who were at a stable, lifetime maximum weight. We chose to study subjects at stable maximum weight to avoid the secondary effects of weight reduction on body weight-regulating hormones. Subjects were classified by cognitive restraint scale score into Low, Indeterminate, and High Restraint groups. Higher ghrelin levels were significantly associated with restraint in an unadjusted model (P = 0.004) and after adjustment for BMI (P = 0.007). No relationships were found between restraint scores and either leptin (P = 0.75) or insulin (P = 0.36). These findings show an orexigenic hormonal profile in restrained eaters, independent of changes in body weight.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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