Optokinetic nystagmus reflects perceptual directions in the onset binocular rivalry in Parkinson’s disease
| Autor: | Dominic Thyagarajan, Lisandro Nicolas Kaunitz, Julie C. Stout, Catherine Ding, Mana Fujiwara, Naotsugu Tsuchiya |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Visual perception
Parkinson's disease Eye Movements genetic structures Physiology Visual System Vision Deep Brain Stimulation medicine.medical_treatment Sensory Physiology Motion Perception lcsh:Medicine Social Sciences Nystagmus Audiology 0302 clinical medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Psychology lcsh:Science Nystagmus Optokinetic media_common Vision Binocular Brain Mapping Multidisciplinary Movement Disorders Pharmaceutics 05 social sciences Parkinson Disease Neurodegenerative Diseases Middle Aged Sensory Systems Electrophysiology Bioassays and Physiological Analysis Neurology Brain Electrophysiology Visual Perception Sensory Perception medicine.symptom Anatomy Research Article Binocular rivalry medicine.medical_specialty Deep brain stimulation media_common.quotation_subject Neurophysiology Stimulus (physiology) Research and Analysis Methods 050105 experimental psychology Smooth pursuit 03 medical and health sciences Drug Therapy Ocular System Perception medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Motion perception Aged lcsh:R Electrophysiological Techniques Cognitive Psychology Biology and Life Sciences Eye movement Optokinetic reflex medicine.disease Case-Control Studies Cognitive Science Eyes lcsh:Q Binocular vision Head Deep-Brain Stimulation 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Photic Stimulation Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 3, p e0173707 (2017) |
| Popis: | Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), the reflexive eye movements evoked by a moving field, has recently gained interest among researchers as a useful tool to assess conscious perception. When conscious perception and stimulus are dissociated, such as in binocular rivalry-when dissimilar images are simultaneously presented to each eye and perception alternates between the two images over time-OKN correlates with perception rather than with the physical direction of the moving field. While this relationship is well established in healthy subjects, it is yet unclear whether it also generalizes to clinical populations, for example, patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a motor disorder, causing tremor, slow movements and rigidity. It may also be associated with oculomotor deficits, such as impaired saccades and smooth pursuit eye movements. Here, we employed short-duration, onset binocular rivalry (2 s trial of stimulus presentation followed by 1 s inter-trial interval) with moving grating stimuli to assess OKN in Parkinson's disease patients (N = 39) and controls (N = 29) of a similar age. Each trial was either non-rivalrous (same stimuli presented to both eyes) or rivalrous, as in binocular rivalry. We analyzed OKN to discriminate direction of stimulus and perception on a trial-by-trial basis. Although the speed of slow-phase OKN was slower in the patients, discriminability of conscious perception based on OKN was comparable between the groups. Treatment with anti-Parkinson drugs and deep brain stimulation improved motor ability of patients, but did not impact on OKN. Furthermore, OKN-based measures were robust and their latencies were shorter than manual button-based measures in both groups and stimulus conditions. To our knowledge, our study is the first to demonstrate that OKN can be used as a reliable indicator of conscious perception in binocular rivalry even in Parkinson's disease patients in whom impaired manual dexterity may render button-press reports less reliable. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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