Getting to zero: micro-foci of malaria in the Solomon Islands requires stratified control
| Autor: | Chris Drakeley, Lynn Grignard, Albino Bobogare, Alan Apairamo, Tanya L. Russell, Thomas R. Burkot, Nathan Kama |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Primaquine RC955-962 Plasmodium vivax Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Polymerase Chain Reaction law.invention law Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine Prevalence Malaria Falciparum Child Aged 80 and over biology Incidence Middle Aged Infectious Diseases Transmission (mechanics) Female medicine.drug Adult medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Plasmodium falciparum Malaria elimination Young Adult parasitic diseases Solomon Islands Malaria Vivax medicine Humans Aged Heterogeneous transmission business.industry Public health Research DNA Protozoan biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Cross-Sectional Studies Parasitology Tropical medicine Melanesia business Malaria Demography |
| Zdroj: | Malaria Journal Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1475-2875 |
| Popis: | Background The Solomon Islands has made significant progress in the control of malaria through vector control, access and use of improved diagnostics and therapeutic drugs. As transmission is reduced there is a need to understand variations in transmission risk at the provincial and village levels to stratify control methods. Methods A cross-sectional survey of malaria in humans was conducted in the Solomon Islands during April 2018. Nineteen villages across 4 provinces were included. The presence of Plasmodium species parasites in blood samples was detected using PCR. Results Blood samples were analysed from 1,914 participants. The prevalence of DNA of Plasmodium falciparum was 1.2 % (n = 23) and for Plasmodium vivax was 1.5 % (n = 28). 22 % (n = 5/23) of P. falciparum DNA positive participants were febrile and 17 % of P. vivax DNA positive participants (n = 5/28). The prevalence of both P. falciparum and P. vivax was extremely spatially heterogeneous. For P. falciparum, in particular, only 2 small foci of transmission were identified among 19 villages. Plasmodium falciparum infections were uniformly distributed across age groups. Insecticide-treated bed net use the night prior to the survey was reported by 63 % of participants and significantly differed by province. Conclusions Malaria transmission across the Solomon Islands has become increasingly fragmented, affecting fewer villages and provinces. The majority of infections were afebrile suggesting the need for strong active case detection with radical cure with primaquine for P. vivax. Village-level stratification of targeted interventions based on passive and active case detection data could support the progress towards a more cost-effective and successful elimination programme. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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