The importance of the E-cadherin-catenin complex in the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homoeostasis: more than intercellular glue?
| Autor: | Aida Jawhari, Massimo Pignatelli, Michael J.G. Farthing |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Cell adhesion molecule
Cadherin Gastroenterology Epithelial Cells Leading Article Biology Cadherins Cell junction Cell biology Adherens junction Cytoskeletal Proteins Cell–cell interaction Cell Movement Cell polarity Trans-Activators Animals Humans Intestinal Mucosa Cell adhesion alpha Catenin beta Catenin Epithelial polarity Protein Binding Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Gut. 41(5) |
| ISSN: | 0017-5749 |
| Popis: | The intestinal epithelium is characterised by rapid cell turnover, with pluripotential stem cells in the crypts of Lieberkuhn providing a continuous supply of cells which are directed into a variety of maturation pathways. Development and maintenance of normal intestinal epithelial morphology requires regulation of daughter cells’ proliferative status, lineage allocation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis.1 It has become increasingly evident that co-ordination of these processes and the consequent generation of the characteristic intestinal epithelial architecture are highly dependent on intercellular and cell-matrix adhesive interactions.2These adhesive events are not random, but through selective interactions, organise cells into diverse and highly distinctive patterns. Connections of cell junctions such as desmosomes, hemidesomosomes, and adherens junctions to the actin cytoskeleton, thus allow maintenance of cell polarity and tissue architecture.3 Variation in the functional state of these adhesive mechanisms is critical to the dynamic processes necessary for tissue morphogenesis in the embryo,4 where many morphogenetic events are correlated with a unique spatiotemporal pattern of cadherin expression.5 Such variation is also critical to the maintenance of this highly complex architecture in various physiological and pathological states, such as migration of cells up the crypt-villus axis6 and repair of mucosal injuries. In view of these facts, it is not surprising that many cell adhesion molecules have been implicated in cell signalling pathways.7 8 E-cadherin is a member of the large cadherin superfamily and is the predominant intercellular adhesion molecule expressed by intestinal epithelial cells.3 It is a calcium dependent transmembrane protein which forms a key component of adherens junctions. E-cadherin molecules form dimers at the cell surface, which interdigitate with other E-cadherin molecules on adjacent epithelial cells resulting in the formation of cell adhesion “zippers” (fig 1).9 10E-cadherin has classically been thought to be exclusively involved … |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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