Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific T-cell responses in HIV-1- and HIV-2-infected individuals in Senegal
| Autor: | Cathy W. Critchlow, Nancy B. Kiviat, Papa Salif Sow, H. Diallo-Agne, A. Wilson, M J McElrath, Geoffrey S. Gottlieb, Stephen E. Hawes, Natalie N. Zheng, L. Musey |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Cellular immunity Adolescent T cell T-Lymphocytes Immunology Gene Products gag Viremia HIV Infections Biology Microbiology Epitope Virus Gene Products nef Interferon-gamma Virology Immunopathology medicine Humans nef Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus ELISPOT virus diseases T-Lymphocytes Helper-Inducer Middle Aged medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Senegal CD4 Lymphocyte Count medicine.anatomical_structure Insect Science Lentivirus HIV-2 HIV-1 RNA Viral Pathogenesis and Immunity Female |
| Zdroj: | Journal of virology. 78(24) |
| ISSN: | 0022-538X |
| Popis: | Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection is typically less virulent than HIV-1 infection, which may permit the host to mount more effective, sustained T-cell immunity. We investigated antiviral gamma interferon-secreting T-cell responses by an ex vivo Elispot assay in 68 HIV-1- and 55 HIV-2-infected Senegalese patients to determine if differences relate to more efficient HIV-2 control. Homologous HIV-specific T cells were detected in similar frequencies (79% versus 76%, P = 0.7) and magnitude (3.12 versus 3.08 log 10 spot-forming cells/10 6 peripheral blood mononuclear cells) in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection, respectively. Gag-specific responses predominated in both groups (≥64%), and significantly higher Nef-specific responses occurred in HIV-1-infected (54%) than HIV-2-infected patients (22%) ( P < 0.001). Heterologous responses were more frequent in HIV-1 than in HIV-2 infection (46% versus 27%, P = 0.04), but the mean magnitude was similar. Total frequencies of HIV-specific responses in both groups did not correlate with plasma viral load and CD4 + T-cell count in multivariate regression analyses. However, the magnitude of HIV-2 Gag-specific responses was significantly associated with lower plasma viremia in HIV-1-infected patients ( P = 0.04). CD4 + T-helper responses, primarily recognizing HIV-2 Gag, were detected in 48% of HIV-2-infected compared to only 8% of HIV-1-infected patients. These findings indicate that improved control of HIV-2 infection may relate to the contribution of T-helper cell responses. By contrast, the superior control of HIV-1 replication associated with HIV-2 Gag responses suggests that these may represent cross-reactive, higher-avidity T cells targeting epitopes within Gag regions of functional importance in HIV replication. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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