Why Is Europe More Equal than the United States?
| Autor: | Blanchet, Thomas, Chancel, Lucas, Gethin, Amory |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), World Inequality Lab (WIL), Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-17-EURE-0001,PGSE,Ecole d'Economie de Paris(2017) |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H2 - Taxation
Subsidies and Revenue/H.H2.H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H2 - Taxation Subsidies and Revenue/H.H2.H23 - Externalities • Redistributive Effects • Environmental Taxes and Subsidies JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E0 - General/E.E0.E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth • Environmental Accounts JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies/H.H5.H51 - Government Expenditures and Health JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies/H.H5.H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance General Economics Econometrics and Finance JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies/H.H5.H52 - Government Expenditures and Education |
| Zdroj: | American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. 14:480-518 |
| ISSN: | 1945-7790 1945-7782 |
| DOI: | 10.1257/app.20200703 |
| Popis: | We combine all available household surveys, income tax and national accounts data in a systematic manner to produce comparable pretax and posttax income inequality series in 38 European countries between 1980 and 2017. Our estimates are consistent with macroeconomic growth rates and comparable with US Distributional National Accounts. We find that inequalities rose in most European countries since 1980 both before and after taxes, but much less than in the US. Between 1980 and 2017, the European top 1% pretax income share rose from 8% to 11% while it rose from 11% to 21% in the US. Europe’s lower inequality levels are mainly explained by a more equal distribution ofpretax incomes rather than by more equalizing taxes and transfers systems. “Predistribution” is found to play a much larger role in explaining Europe’s relative resistance to inequality than “redistribution”: it accounts for between two-thirds and |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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