Validation Of Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay As An Alternative Method For Detection Of Chicken Anemia Virus As A Vaccine Contaminant

Autor: Badawi, Ahmed A., Sayed, Magda. M., Ibrahim, Hytham. H., Seioudy, Manar. F., Elfeil, Wael K., Ali, Abd El- Hakim M.
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1238189
Popis: Freedom of veterinary vaccines from extraneous virus contamination is one of the most important requirements for vaccine before release. Testing of vaccines for detection of extraneous virus contamination is currently achieved in the Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB) by conventional in - vitro and / or in - vivo assays as tissue culture inoculation and chicken inoculation, which are time consuming and laborious. In this study, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used as an alternative technique – for detection of chicken anemia virus (CAV) contamination in avian live viral vaccines. Specificity of the assay was verified by detection of CAV specific product only in templates extracted from CAV preparations, but not detected in templates of various avian viruses including Newcastle dis-ease virus (NDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), avian Reovirus (ARV), fowl pox virus (FPV), avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) and Marek´s disease virus (MDV). Assay sensitivity was evaluated by testing serial 10- fold dilutions of CAV stock, and the determined detection limit was high enough to detect 40 TCID50 of CAV per reaction. Another set of CAV dilutions were prepared in three different types of avian live vaccines, namely NDV, ARV , and FPV vaccines( the vaccine matrix was used as diluents), and PCR was performed to study the effect of vaccine matrix on reaction sensitivity as well as to verify the assay efficacy in detection and recovery of CAV in contaminated vaccines. Results indicated that PCR sensitivity was not affected by the presence of NDV, or ARV matrices. However, the assay sensitivity was decreased by one log in case of Fowlpox vaccine matrix. This PCR assay could be used as an alternative technique to the time- consuming, tedious, in vivo and in vitro assays, and application of this technique can facilitate the routine testing of vaccines for detection of CAV as an extraneous virus contaminant.
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(2000):Distribution of chicken anaemia virus in the reproductive tissues of specific-pathogen-free chickens Journal of General Virology. 81: 2067-2075.","Dodet, B.; Hesselink, W.; Jungbäck, C.; Léchenet, J.; Pastoret, P.-P.; Vannier, P. and Vicari, M. (2010):Viral safety and extraneous agents testing for veterinary vaccines Biologicals. 38: 326-331.","Fadly, A. M. and Witter, R. L. (1997):Comparative evaluation of in vitro and in vivo assays for the detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus as a contaminant in a live virus vaccine of poultry Avian diseases. 695-701.","Häuptli, D.; Bruckner, L. and Ottiger, H.-P. (1997):Use of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for detection of vaccine contamination by avian leukosis virus Journal of virological methods. 66: 71-81","Hermann, J.; Koski, D.; Taylor, S. and Gatewood, D. (2012):Evaluation of the analytical sensitivity of a polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of chicken infectious anemia virus in avian vaccines Biologicals. 40: 266-269.","Imai, K.; Mase, M.; Yamaguchi, S.; Yuasa, N. and Nakamura, K. (1998):Detection of chicken anaemia virus DNA from formalin-fixed tissues by polymerase chain reaction Research in veterinary science. 64: 205-208.","Miller, M. M.; Ealey, K. A.; Oswald, W. B. and Schat, K. A. (2003):Detection of chicken anemia virus DNA in embryonal tissues and eggshell membranes Avian diseases. 47: 662-671.","Ottiger, H.-P. (2010):Development, standardization and assessment of PCR systems for purity testing of avian viral vaccines Biologicals. 38: 381-388.","Schat, K. A. and Woods, L. W.(2013):Chicken infectious anemia virus and other circovirus infections., in Diseases of Poultry. p. 247-288.","Soine, C.; Watson, S.; Rybicki, E.; Lucio, B.; Nordgren, R.; Parrish, C. and Schat, K. A. (1993):Determination of the detection limit of the polymerase chain reaction for chicken infectious anemia virus Avian diseases. 37: 467-476.","Stäuber, N.; Brechtbühl, K.; Bruckner, L. and Hofmann, M. A. (1995):Detection of Newcastle disease virus in poultry vaccines using the polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of amplified cDNA Vaccine. 13: 360-364.","Van Der Kamp, M. (1996):Replacement, reduction or refinement of animal use in the quality control of veterinary vaccines: development, validation and implementation Developments in biological standardization. 86: 73.","Van Santen, V. L.; Li, L.; Hoerr, F. J. and Lauerman, L. H. (2001):Genetic characterization of chicken anemia virus from commercial broiler chickens in Alabama Avian diseases. 45: 373-388.","Vögtlin, A.; Bruckner, L. and Ottiger, H.-P. (1999):Use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of vaccine contamination by infectious laryngotracheitis virus Vaccine. 17: 2501-2506.","Xie, Z.; Khan, M. I.; Girshick, T. and Xie, Z. (2005):Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to detect avian encephalomyelitis virus Avian diseases. 49: 227-230.","Yuasa, N. (1983):Propagation and infectivity titration of the Gifu-1 strain of chicken anemia agent in a cell line (MDCC-MSB1) derived from Marek's disease lymphoma National Institute of Animal Health Quarterly. 23: 13-20.","Yuasa, N.; Taniguchi, T. and Yoshida, I. (1979):Isolation and some characteristics of anagent inducing anemia in chicks Avian Diseases. 366-385."]}
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