Development of phytotoxicity indexes and their correlation with ecotoxicological, stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure
| Autor: | Dimitrios Komilis, Florencia Estefanía Fernández, Brian Jonathan Young, Nicolás Iván Riera, Cecilia Denisse Molina, Raquel Barrena, Diana C. Crespo, Valeria Alejandra López, Virginia Della Torre, Antoni Sánchez, Pedro Federico Rizzo |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Nitrogen
Daphnia magna 0211 other engineering and technologies Amendment 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences engineering.material Ecotoxicology 01 natural sciences complex mixtures Poultry Toxicology Toxicity Tests Animals Organic matter Leachate Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences chemistry.chemical_classification 021110 strategic defence & security studies biology Compost Lactuca sativa fungi Temperature Environmental engineering Raphanus sativus biology.organism_classification Manure Carbon Acute toxicity Refuse Disposal chemistry Phytotoxicity engineering Environmental Pollutants Maturity Stability |
| Zdroj: | Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname Recercat: Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
| Popis: | Both raw and composted poultry manure is applied as soil amendment. The aims of this study were: (1) to develop phytotoxicity indexes for organic wastes and composts, and (2) to assess the correlation among phytotoxicity indexes, ecotoxicological endpoints and stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure. Six 2-m(3) composting piles were constructed and four parameter groups (physicochemical and microbiological parameters, ecotoxicological endpoints, and biological activity) were determined at four sampling times during 92days. Extracts were used to carry out acute toxicity tests on Daphnia magna, Lactuca sativa and Raphanus sativus. Composting decreased average toxicity 22.8% for the 3 species and D. magna was the most sensitive species. The static respiration index decreased from 1.12 to 0.46mgO2gOMh(-1) whilst organic matter reduced by 64.1% at the end of the process. Escherichia coli colonies remained higher than values recommended by international guidelines. The D. magna immobilization test allowed the assessment of possible leachate or run-off toxicity. The new phytotoxicity indexes (RGIC0.8 and GIC80%), proposed in this study, as well as salinity, proved to be good maturity indicators. Hence, these phytotoxicity indexes could be implemented in monitoring strategies as useful ecotoxicological tools. Multivariate analyses demonstrated positive correlations between ecotoxicological endpoints (low toxicity) and biological activity (stability). These two parameter groups were associated at the final sampling time and showed negative correlations with several physicochemical parameters (organic and inorganic contents). The final poultry manure compost was rendered stable, but immature and, thus, unsuitable for soil amending. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|